University of North Texas Health Science Center, Social and Behavioral Sciences (EAD 713), School of Public Health, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Jul 1;116(1-3):31-6. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.014. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
Previous research on alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) suffers from measurement problems. Missing from the research literature are studies that assess caffeine-alcohol co-ingestion in natural drinking environments.
This field study collected data in a U.S. college bar district from 328 randomly selected patrons. Anonymous data were obtained from face-to-face interviews and self-administered surveys, and from breath tests.
Cola-caffeinated alcoholic beverage consumers left bars in a more highly intoxicated state than those who consumed alcohol only. There was no significant difference between the intoxication level of the AmED group and the cola-caffeinated alcoholic beverage group. Results from a multivariate regression model indicated that quantity of caffeinated alcoholic beverage consumption had a significant, positive association with bar patron intoxication after adjusting for potential confounders.
Findings indicate that caffeine may have a dose-dependent relationship with alcohol intoxication in the bar/nightclub setting. In addition, results revealed that cola-caffeinated alcoholic drinks may pose similar levels of risk to bar patrons as those associated with AmED beverage consumption. Product labeling requirements about alcohol risks may need to be extended not only to energy drinks, but to caffeinated soft drinks as well.
以往关于酒精混合能量饮料（AmED）的研究存在测量问题。研究文献中缺少在自然饮酒环境中评估咖啡因-酒精共摄入的研究。
本现场研究在美国大学酒吧区从 328 名随机选择的顾客中收集数据。通过面对面访谈和自我管理的调查以及呼吸测试获得匿名数据。
与仅饮酒者相比，饮用含咖啡因可乐酒精饮料的消费者在酒吧中处于更高的醉酒状态。AmED 组和含咖啡因可乐酒精饮料组的醉酒水平没有显著差异。多变量回归模型的结果表明，在调整潜在混杂因素后，含咖啡因酒精饮料的摄入量与酒吧顾客醉酒有显著的正相关关系。
研究结果表明，咖啡因在酒吧/夜总会环境中可能与酒精中毒呈剂量依赖性关系。此外，结果显示，含咖啡因的可乐酒精饮料对酒吧顾客的风险可能与 AmED 饮料消费相关的风险相似。关于酒精风险的产品标签要求可能不仅需要扩展到能量饮料，还需要扩展到含咖啡因的软饮料。
