Linden-Carmichael Ashley N, Lau-Barraco Cathy
Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University.
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University.
Health Psychol. 2017 Sep;36(9):881-889. doi: 10.1037/hea0000506. Epub 2017 May 22.
Caffeinated alcoholic beverage (CAB) use is associated with a range of substance-related problems. The majority of prior research on CABs is based on cross-sectional and retrospective reports, which do not account for intraindividual differences in use and may be subject to recall biases. The current research used a daily diary, within-subjects design to compare days where individuals simultaneously mixed alcohol with caffeine (CAB days) and days where individuals drank other types of alcohol (non-CAB days) on alcohol use outcomes. These relationships were tested further by examining the impact of the type of mixer (i.e., energy drink or cola-caffeinated).
Participants were 122 (73.8% women) heavy drinking, college student CAB users. Mean age was 20.39 (SD = 2.08) years. Students completed a baseline questionnaire and up to 14 consecutive daily surveys about the previous night's drinking behavior.
Multilevel modeling results indicated that CAB days were associated with heavier alcohol use, regardless of mixer type. In addition, beyond amount of alcohol consumed the previous night and trait impulsivity, CAB days were linked with more alcohol-related problems, but only when the mixer was an energy drink. CAB days did not differ from non-CAB days on driving or sex after drinking.
This study was the first to demonstrate the unique risks posed by simultaneously consuming caffeine and alcohol in a within-subjects, daily diary design. Future research investigating use patterns may benefit from the use of fine-grained approaches in order to provide information relevant for CAB prevention and intervention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record
含咖啡因酒精饮料（CAB）的饮用与一系列物质相关问题有关。先前关于CAB的大多数研究基于横断面和回顾性报告，这些报告没有考虑个体内部使用差异，可能存在回忆偏差。当前研究采用每日日记的被试内设计，比较个体同时将酒精与咖啡因混合饮用的日子（CAB日）和饮用其他类型酒精的日子（非CAB日）对饮酒结果的影响。通过检查混合剂类型（即能量饮料或含咖啡因可乐）的影响，进一步测试了这些关系。
参与者为122名（73.8%为女性）重度饮酒的大学生CAB使用者。平均年龄为20.39岁（标准差=2.08）。学生们完成了一份基线问卷以及关于前一晚饮酒行为的连续多达14天的每日调查。
多层次建模结果表明，无论混合剂类型如何，CAB日都与更大量的酒精使用有关。此外，除了前一晚的酒精摄入量和特质冲动性外，CAB日还与更多的酒精相关问题有关，但仅当混合剂为能量饮料时。CAB日与非CAB日在酒后驾驶或性行为方面没有差异。
本研究首次在被试内每日日记设计中证明了同时摄入咖啡因和酒精所带来的独特风险。未来关于使用模式的研究可能会受益于采用细粒度方法，以便提供与CAB预防和干预措施相关的信息。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
