Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory (ASDTL), National Measurement Institute (NMI), Pymble, NSW, Australia.
Forensic Sci Int. 2011 May 20;208(1-3):129-38. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.11.016. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
Doping control laboratories accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) require criteria that allow endogenous steroids to be distinguished from their synthetic analogues in urine. Methodology based on "looking outside the metabolic box" was used in this study to identify diagnostic urinary markers of 4-androstenediol (4-ADIOL) administration. Androst-2,4-diene-17-one and androst-3,5-diene-17-one are proposed to be formed in urine from acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4-ADIOL sulfoconjugate, a major phase II metabolic product of 4-ADIOL. The presence of these markers in the routine gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) steroid screen was suitable to identify samples requiring confirmation by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) - to measure the carbon isotope ratio (δ(13)C) of the androstdiene markers and confirm their likely synthetic origin based on depleted (13)C content.
兴奋剂检测实验室经世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）认证，需要制定标准，区分尿液中的内源性甾体和合成类似物。本研究采用“跳出代谢框”的方法，确定 4-雄烯二醇（4-ADIOL）给药的诊断性尿标记物。推测 4-ADIOL 磺基结合物在尿液中经酸催化水解生成雄-2,4-二烯-17-酮和雄-3,5-二烯-17-酮，这是 4-ADIOL 的主要二期代谢产物。这些标记物出现在常规气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）类固醇筛查中，适合识别需要通过气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比质谱（GC-C-IRMS）确认的样品，以测量雄二烯标记物的碳同位素比值（δ(13)C），并根据（13)C 含量减少确认其可能的合成来源。
