Danish National Research Foundation, Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease - PUMPKIN, Denmark.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Jan;12(1):60-70. doi: 10.1038/nrm3031.
Plasma membrane ATPases are primary active transporters of cations that maintain steep concentration gradients. The ion gradients and membrane potentials derived from them form the basis for a range of essential cellular processes, in particular Na(+)-dependent and proton-dependent secondary transport systems that are responsible for uptake and extrusion of metabolites and other ions. The ion gradients are also both directly and indirectly used to control pH homeostasis and to regulate cell volume. The plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase maintains a proton gradient in plants and fungi and the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase maintains a Na(+) and K(+) gradient in animal cells. Structural information provides insight into the function of these two distinct but related P-type pumps.
质膜 ATP 酶是阳离子的主要主动转运蛋白，可维持陡峭的浓度梯度。由此产生的离子梯度和膜电位为一系列基本的细胞过程奠定了基础，特别是 Na(+)-依赖性和质子依赖性的二级转运系统，负责代谢物和其他离子的摄取和排出。离子梯度也直接和间接用于控制 pH 平衡和调节细胞体积。质膜 H(+)-ATP 酶在植物和真菌中维持质子梯度，Na(+)，K(+)-ATP 酶在动物细胞中维持 Na(+)和 K(+)梯度。结构信息为理解这两种截然不同但相关的 P 型泵的功能提供了线索。
