Proto A R, Zimbalatti G
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, Reggio Calabria 89122, Italy.
J Agric Saf Health. 2010 Oct;16(4):219-28. doi: 10.13031/2013.34834.
Musculoskeletal disorders are injuries of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, or spinal discs and are often classified as soft tissue injuries. They are the result of chronic or gradual development and are not caused by acute incidents such as slips, trips, or falls. The significance of this phenomenon prompted us to carry out a broader study of pathologies attributable to repetitive movements in the upper limbs within the citrus growing industry. Calabria, a very important region for citrus fruit growing in Italy, was chosen as the study area. The study analyzed the risks of repetitive movements for 180 workers on 35 different farms using the OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Actions) checklist method By analyzing the scores obtained in the different work phases, it was possible to determine the tasks that incur more risk in the citrus fruit industry. The OCRA checklist considers all the repetitive tasks involved in a complex job and estimates the level of exposure to each worker. In support of the specific aims of the present study, it is possible to identify a series of working conditions for which the level of risk may be reasonably estimated and for which it is possible to adopt a checklist system. The results of this study suggest that there must be a significant increase in the use of effective ergonomic interventions in the workplace in order to attain reductions in the number of local musculoskeletal complaints.
肌肉骨骼疾病是指肌肉、神经、肌腱、韧带、关节、软骨或椎间盘的损伤，通常归类为软组织损伤。它们是慢性或逐渐发展的结果，并非由滑倒、绊倒或跌倒等急性事件引起。这种现象的重要性促使我们对柑橘种植行业中上肢重复性动作所致的病理情况进行更广泛的研究。意大利卡拉布里亚是柑橘种植的一个非常重要的地区，被选为研究区域。该研究使用OCRA（职业重复性动作）检查表方法分析了35个不同农场的180名工人的重复性动作风险。通过分析不同工作阶段获得的分数，可以确定柑橘行业中风险更高的任务。OCRA检查表考虑了复杂工作中涉及的所有重复性任务，并估算了每个工人的接触程度。为支持本研究的特定目标，可以确定一系列工作条件，对其风险水平可以进行合理估算，并且可以采用检查表系统。本研究结果表明，为了减少局部肌肉骨骼疾病的投诉数量，工作场所必须大幅增加有效人体工程学干预措施的使用。
