Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2011 Jan;28(1):107-14. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2010.533290.
Deterministic and probabilistic estimates of the chronic exposure to lead (Pb) for the inhabitants in Jiangsu Province, China, were performed. Pb contamination data were obtained from the national food contamination monitoring programme during 2001-2006 and 2600 samples from 38 commodities in Jiangsu were included. Food consumption data were from the national diet and nutrition survey conducted in 2002, including 3879 subjects aged 2-80 years and 185 children aged 2-6 years in Jiangsu. Contributions from 38 commodities were included in the calculations. Using the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWI) divided into daily intakes (PTWI(d)) of 3.57 microg kg(-1) bw day(-1) in the risk assessment, exposures calculated by the deterministic approach for children and the general population were 77% and 43% of the PTWI(d), respectively, which were nearly similar to the mean intake calculation in the probabilistic approach. The percentage of people whose exposure level exceeded the PTWI(d) for children, the general population, urban population and rural population were 16%, 0.4%, 0.1%, and 0.5%, respectively. The 50th, 95th and 99th percentiles of Pb exposure for children were 2.6, 4.4 and 5.5 microg kg(-1) bw day(-1), respectively. Rice followed by wheat flour and bean products contributed most to the total Pb intake for both children and the general population. This study indicated that the Pb dietary exposure in Jiangsu Province, especially for children, would be a public health concern.
对中国江苏省居民的慢性铅（Pb）暴露进行了确定性和概率性评估。Pb 污染数据来自 2001-2006 年全国食品污染监测计划，共纳入 38 种商品的 2600 个样本。食物消费数据来自 2002 年进行的全国饮食与营养调查，包括江苏省 2-80 岁的 3879 名和 2-6 岁的 185 名儿童。计算中纳入了 38 种商品的贡献。在风险评估中，将暂定每周可耐受摄入量（PTWI）除以每日摄入量（PTWI(d))，即 3.57μg/kg bw·day(-1)，用确定性方法计算的儿童和一般人群的暴露量分别为 PTWI(d)的 77%和 43%，与概率性方法的平均摄入量计算值相近。暴露水平超过儿童、一般人群、城市人口和农村人口的 PTWI(d)的人数比例分别为 16%、0.4%、0.1%和 0.5%。儿童 Pb 暴露的第 50、95 和 99 百分位数分别为 2.6、4.4 和 5.5μg/kg bw·day(-1)。大米、面粉和豆类制品对儿童和一般人群的总 Pb 摄入量贡献最大。本研究表明，江苏省特别是儿童的 Pb 膳食暴露将成为公共卫生关注的问题。
