Zhang Yafei, Liu Pei, Wang Cannan, Wu Yongning
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, #87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, #87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2017 Feb;39(1):29-41. doi: 10.1007/s10653-016-9805-5. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
The goal of this study was to quantify the exposure to dietary cadmium (Cd) and analyze the major contributors to total Cd intake of children from Jiangsu Province, China. The Cd concentration data were collected by the National Food Contamination Monitoring Program between 2001 and 2009. Consumption data were derived from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002. The beta-binomial-normal model which included age as a covariate was used to assess the long-term dietary Cd intake assuming lower bound and upper bound concentration scenarios. A tolerable weekly intake of 2.5 µg/kg body weight for Cd was applied in the risk assessment. Cd intake decreased as age increased with almost all mean values and P95 of the estimates exceeding the tolerable weekly intake. Children with high-end exposure may suffer non-carcinogenic effects over a lifetime of exposure. Rice and rice products, wheat flour and wheat flour products, crustaceans, pak-choi, pig meat, and beans and bean products were found to be the major contributors to the total Cd intake in children. These conservative estimates of Cd intake indicate possible public health concerns for children in Jiangsu Province.
本研究的目的是量化膳食镉（Cd）暴露量，并分析中国江苏省儿童镉总摄入量的主要贡献来源。镉浓度数据由国家食品污染监测计划在2001年至2009年期间收集。消费数据来自2002年中国国家营养与健康调查。使用包含年龄作为协变量的β-二项式-正态模型，在假设下限和上限浓度情景的情况下评估长期膳食镉摄入量。在风险评估中采用了镉的每周可耐受摄入量为2.5微克/千克体重。随着年龄增长，镉摄入量下降，几乎所有估计值的平均值和第95百分位数都超过了每周可耐受摄入量。高暴露水平的儿童在一生的暴露过程中可能会遭受非致癌影响。大米及大米制品、小麦粉及小麦粉制品、甲壳类动物、小白菜、猪肉以及豆类及豆制品被发现是儿童镉总摄入量的主要贡献来源。这些对镉摄入量的保守估计表明江苏省儿童可能存在公共卫生问题。
