Welkoborsky H-J
Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, reg. Plastische Chirurgie, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der Klinikum Region Hannover GmbH, Haltenhoffstrasse 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland.
HNO. 2011 Feb;59(2):155-65. doi: 10.1007/s00106-010-2217-4.
Ultrasonography is a basic diagnostic tool in all diseases of the salivary glands. Due to their relatively superficial anatomic location, distinct borders and homogenous echotexture, the salivary glands are ideally positioned for sonographic assessment. The advantages of this technique include its high diagnostic accuracy, non-invasiveness, lack of radiation exposure, as well as high reproducibility and low costs. Progress in ultrasound equipment and ultrasound transducers in recent years, i.e. colour-coded Doppler sonography with and without contrast enhancers, tissue harmonic imaging and elastography have widened the spectrum of indications and diagnostic accuracy. Although unspecific, many diseases of the salivary glands have particular sonographic characteristics. In addition, ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy is able to obtain material for cytological analysis in a targeted fashion under visual control. Compared to other imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, ultrasound achieves the highest sensitivity in the identification of neoplasms in the salivary glands.
超声检查是诊断所有唾液腺疾病的基本工具。由于唾液腺解剖位置相对表浅、边界清晰且回声均匀，非常适合进行超声评估。该技术的优点包括诊断准确性高、无创、无辐射暴露，以及可重复性高和成本低。近年来，超声设备和超声换能器的进步，即有无造影剂的彩色编码多普勒超声、组织谐波成像和弹性成像，拓宽了适应证范围并提高了诊断准确性。尽管缺乏特异性，但许多唾液腺疾病具有特定的超声特征。此外，超声引导下细针穿刺活检能够在视觉控制下有针对性地获取用于细胞学分析的材料。与CT和MRI等其他成像技术相比，超声在识别唾液腺肿瘤方面具有最高的敏感性。
