Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2011 Apr;23(2):244-51. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.11.009. Epub 2010 Dec 23.
Oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are exclusively mucosal pathogens that are noncytopathic and the basal epithelial cells harboring and maintaining an infection do not produce either capsid antigen or virus. The efficacy of the licensed L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines has encouraged development of several second generation vaccines aimed at expanding the coverage to all oncogenic HPV types and reducing barriers to global implementation. Currently there is no defined immune correlate of protection that can be used to determine if an individual patient is protected and for the evaluation of these second generation vaccines. Surprisingly, passive transfer of neutralizing serum antibody is protective in animal models. Recent studies suggest how neutralizing antibody mediates immunity against mucosal HPV and the possible impact of memory B cells.
致癌型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是专性黏膜病原体，无细胞病变作用，且感染的基底上皮细胞不产生衣壳抗原或病毒。已获许可的 L1 病毒样颗粒（VLP）疫苗的有效性促使人们开发了几种第二代疫苗，旨在扩大覆盖范围，涵盖所有致癌型 HPV 类型，并减少全球实施的障碍。目前尚无明确的免疫保护相关因素可用于确定个体患者是否受到保护，也无法用于评估这些第二代疫苗。令人惊讶的是，中和血清抗体的被动转移在动物模型中具有保护作用。最近的研究表明中和抗体如何介导针对黏膜 HPV 的免疫以及记忆 B 细胞的可能影响。
