Iovdijová Anna, Bencko Vladimír
State Phytosanitary Administration, Section-Plant Protection Products, Brno, Czech Republic.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2010;17(2):183-92.
Consumers are exposed to a diversity of chemicals in all areas of life. Air, water, soil and food are all unavoidable components of the human environment. Each of those elements influences the quality of human life, and each of them may be contaminated. We are exposed to toxic or potentially toxic compounds in many ways in our daily lives and toxicology is clearly a subject of great importance for society. This becomes apparent when we look at the types of poisons and the ways in which we are exposed to them. Indeed, the categories cover virtually all the chemicals one might expect to encounter in the environment. After consideration of this, one might well ask "Are all chemicals toxic?" Phrase as an answer: "There are no safe chemicals, only their safe use". Xenobiotics are defined here as those compounds, both organic and inorganic, produced by human beings and introduced into the environment, as well as into the food chain at concentrations that cause undesirable effects. Xenobiotics in the food chain are monitored in two forms: by testing--the objective of which is to discover unsuitable foodstuffs in the consumer`s network, and by monitoring--to obtain objective information about environmental components contamination and to harmlessness health of available foodstuffs.
消费者在生活的各个领域都会接触到多种多样的化学物质。空气、水、土壤和食物都是人类环境中不可避免的组成部分。这些元素中的每一个都会影响人类生活质量，并且它们每一个都可能被污染。在日常生活中，我们通过多种方式接触到有毒或潜在有毒的化合物，毒理学显然是一门对社会非常重要的学科。当我们审视毒物的类型以及我们接触它们的方式时，这一点就变得很明显。实际上，这些类别几乎涵盖了人们可能在环境中遇到的所有化学物质。考虑到这一点，人们很可能会问：“所有化学物质都有毒吗？”答案是：“没有安全的化学物质，只有安全的使用方式”。这里将异生物质定义为人类产生并引入环境以及食物链中、浓度会产生不良影响的有机和无机化合物。食物链中的异生物质通过两种形式进行监测：通过检测——其目的是在消费者网络中发现不合适的食品，以及通过监测——以获取有关环境成分污染以及现有食品对健康无害性的客观信息。
