Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
J Occup Environ Med. 2011 Jan;53(1):43-8. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318181ff05cc.
To investigate the prevalence of nasal and ocular symptoms and nasal signs in foundry workers exposed to monoisocyanates using the Hot Box method.
Forty-three foundry workers and 69 referents completed questionnaires and were examined by a rhinologist. Exposure to isocyanic acid, methyl isocyanate, formaldehyde, and total dust was measured.
Nasal symptoms and signs were associated with exposure, and dose-response relationships between nasal symptoms and exposure to isocyanic acid, methyl isocyanate, and formaldehyde were observed. Dry nasal mucosa was more prevalent in exposed workers than in referents. These findings were not substantially affected by the exclusion of asthmatic and allergic individuals, smokers, or females.
An increased prevalence of nasal symptoms and signs was observed among exposed workers, suggesting an association with the foundry environment involving monoisocyanates and other airway irritants, such as formaldehyde and dust.
使用热箱法调查铸造工人接触单异氰酸酯后鼻部和眼部症状及体征的流行情况。
43 名铸造工人和 69 名对照者完成了问卷调查，并由鼻科医生进行了检查。测量了接触异氰酸、甲基异氰酸酯、甲醛和总粉尘的情况。
鼻部症状和体征与接触有关，并且观察到鼻部症状与接触异氰酸、甲基异氰酸酯和甲醛之间存在剂量反应关系。暴露组工人的鼻腔干燥较对照组更为常见。这些发现不受排除哮喘和过敏个体、吸烟者或女性的影响。
暴露组工人中观察到鼻部症状和体征的患病率增加，表明与铸造环境中涉及单异氰酸酯和其他气道刺激物（如甲醛和粉尘）有关。
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