Ottolenghi Andrea, Smyth Vere, Trott Klaus R
Nuclear and Theoretical Physics Department, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Feb;143(2-4):533-5. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq524. Epub 2011 Jan 2.
As radical radiotherapy treatments become more effective, more and more cancer patients are becoming cured of their disease and surviving for decades. Damage to exposed healthy tissues that becomes manifest in the medium-to-long-term is becoming a more significant factor in the choice of individual treatment plans and treatment modality. However, currently there are no reliable objective methods for predicting in an individual patient the occurrence of normal tissue complications, or second cancers caused by radiation. This is especially needed as new competing techniques and modalities become available, such as IMRT, protons, carbon ions, etc., all advancing the ability to focus the radiation dose on the target while sparing normal tissue. ALLEGRO is a Euratom-funded project that is currently investigating the current state of knowledge, and attempting to define the priority research areas. Preliminary considerations of the problems to be solved and research priorities are presented.
随着根治性放射治疗变得更加有效，越来越多的癌症患者被治愈并存活数十年。中长期出现的对暴露的健康组织的损害，在个体治疗方案和治疗方式的选择中，正成为一个更为重要的因素。然而，目前尚无可靠的客观方法来预测个体患者中正常组织并发症或放疗所致二次癌症的发生。随着诸如调强放疗、质子治疗、碳离子治疗等新的竞争性技术和方式的出现，这种需求尤为迫切，所有这些技术都提高了将辐射剂量集中于靶区同时保护正常组织的能力。“快板”（ALLEGRO）是一个由欧洲原子能共同体资助的项目，目前正在研究当前的知识状况，并试图确定优先研究领域。文中给出了对有待解决的问题和研究重点的初步思考。
