Computational Toxicology, Safety Assessment, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, SE-43183 Mölndal, Sweden.
Phytochem Anal. 2011 May-Jun;22(3):214-24. doi: 10.1002/pca.1268. Epub 2010 Dec 29.
High salinity, caused by either natural (e.g. climatic changes) or anthropic factors (e.g. agriculture), is a widespread environmental stressor that can affect development and growth of salt-sensitive plants, leading to water deficit, the inhibition of intake of essential ions and metabolic disorders.
The application of an NMR-based metabolic profiling approach to the investigation of saline-induced stress in Maize plants is presented.
Zea Maize seedlings were grown in either 0, 50 or 150 mM saline solution. Plants were harvested after 2, 4 and 6 days (n = 5 per class and time point) and (1) H NMR spectroscopy was performed separately on shoot and root extracts. Spectral data were analysed and interpreted using multivariate statistical analyses.
A distinct effect of time/growth was observed for the control group with relatively higher concentrations of acetoacetate at day 2 and increased levels of alanine at days 4 and 6 in root extracts, whereas concentration of alanine was positively correlated with the shoot extracts harvested at day 2 and trans-aconitic acid increased at days 4 and 6. A clear dose-dependent effect, superimposed on the growth effect, was observed for saline treated shoot and root extracts. This was correlated with increased levels of alanine, glutamate, asparagine, glycine-betaine and sucrose and decreased levels of malic acid, trans-aconitic acid and glucose in shoots. Correlation with salt-load shown in roots included elevated levels of alanine, γ-amino-N-butyric acid, malic acid, succinate and sucrose and depleted levels of acetoacetate and glucose.
The metabolic effect of high salinity was predominantly consistent with osmotic stress as reported for other plant species and was found to be stronger in the shoots than the roots. Using multivariate data analysis it is possible to investigate the effects of more than one environmental stressor simultaneously.
高盐度，由自然因素（如气候变化）或人为因素（如农业）引起，是一种广泛存在的环境胁迫因子，会影响盐敏感植物的发育和生长，导致水分亏缺、必需离子吸收抑制和代谢紊乱。
介绍了一种基于核磁共振（NMR）代谢组学方法来研究盐胁迫对玉米植株的影响。
玉米幼苗在 0、50 或 150 mM 盐溶液中生长。在第 2、4 和 6 天（每类和时间点 n = 5）收获植物，并分别对茎和根提取物进行 1 H NMR 光谱分析。使用多元统计分析对光谱数据进行分析和解释。
对照组随时间/生长出现明显变化，根提取物中乙酰乙酸盐在第 2 天的浓度较高，第 4 和第 6 天的丙氨酸浓度增加，而根提取物中的丙氨酸浓度与第 2 天收获的茎提取物呈正相关，反丁烯二酸在第 4 和第 6 天增加。盐处理的茎和根提取物观察到明显的剂量依赖性效应，叠加在生长效应上。这与丙氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬酰胺、甘氨酸甜菜碱和蔗糖浓度的增加以及苹果酸、反丁烯二酸和葡萄糖在茎中的浓度降低有关。与盐负荷相关的根系变化包括丙氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸和蔗糖水平升高，乙酰乙酸盐和葡萄糖水平降低。
高盐度的代谢效应主要与其他植物物种报告的渗透胁迫一致，并且在茎中比根中更强。使用多元数据分析可以同时研究多种环境胁迫因子的影响。
