Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2011 Mar;75(3):414-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.01020.x. Epub 2011 Jan 4.
The tree pathogenic fungi Heterobasidion annosum s.s. and Heterobasidion parviporum cause root and butt rot in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and produce serious economic losses to the forest sector in Europe. We experimentally studied inter- and intraspecific differences between H. parviporum and H. annosum s.s. in the way they infect stumps and spread into neighbouring trees. Eleven H. parviporum and nine H. annosum s.s. isolates were artificially inoculated on stumps of two spruce stands after first thinning. After 15 years, the same isolates were reisolated from neighbouring trees. Heterobasidion parviporum spread more frequently from the inoculated stumps to the neighbouring trees than H. annosum s.s. The surroundings of H. annosum s.s. stumps that did not spread were often colonized by H. parviporum. Heterobasidion annosum s.s. spread was restricted mainly to the areas of the plot where no other Heterobasidion genotypes had been inoculated. In such cases, H. annosum s.s. tended to develop into bigger genets than H. parviporum. The probability of stump-to-tree spread of H. parviporum depended on the diameter of the stumps, suggesting that H. parviporum spread may relate to the presence of heartwood. Both H. parviporum and H. annosum s.s. proved to be strong pathogens on Norway spruce; however, when competing for the same trees, H. parviporum seemed capable of excluding H. annosum s.s. from the stand.
树病原真菌 Heterobasidion annosum s.s. 和 Heterobasidion parviporum 会引起挪威云杉（Picea abies）的根腐和干腐，给欧洲的林业部门造成严重的经济损失。我们通过实验研究了 H. parviporum 和 H. annosum s.s. 在感染树桩和向邻近树木传播方面的种间和种内差异。11 个 H. parviporum 和 9 个 H. annosum s.s. 分离株在首次间伐后被人工接种到两个云杉林分的树桩上。15 年后，从邻近的树木中重新分离出相同的分离株。与 H. annosum s.s. 相比，H. parviporum 从接种的树桩向邻近的树木传播更为频繁。H. annosum s.s. 没有传播的树桩周围经常被 H. parviporum 定植。H. annosum s.s. 的传播主要局限于没有接种其他 Heterobasidion 基因型的地段。在这种情况下，H. annosum s.s. 往往比 H. parviporum 形成更大的遗传单元。H. parviporum 从树桩到树木的传播概率取决于树桩的直径，这表明 H. parviporum 的传播可能与心材的存在有关。H. parviporum 和 H. annosum s.s. 都被证明是挪威云杉的强病原体；然而，当它们争夺同一棵树时，H. parviporum 似乎能够将 H. annosum s.s. 从林分中排除。
