Čėsnienė Ieva, Čėsna Vytautas, Miškelytė Diana, Novickij Vitalij, Mildažienė Vida, Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė Vaida
Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų 1, LT-53101 Girionys, Lithuania.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Universiteto 10, Akademija, LT-53361 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jul 23;13(15):2021. doi: 10.3390/plants13152021.
In the context of climate change, methods to improve the resistance of coniferous trees to biotic and abiotic stress are in great demand. The common plant response to exposure to vastly different stressors is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by activation of the defensive antioxidant system. We aimed to evaluate whether seed treatment with physical stressors can activate the activity of antioxidant enzymes and radical scavenging activity in young (L.) H. Karst seedlings. For this, we applied seed treatment with cold plasma (CP) and electromagnetic field (EMF) and compared the response in ten different half-sib families of Norway spruce. The impact of the treatments with CP (1 min-CP1; 2 min-CP2) and EMF (2 min) on one-year-old and two-year-old seedlings was determined by the emergence rate, parameters of growth, and spectrophotometric assessment of antioxidant capacity (enzyme activity; DPPH and ABTS scavenging) in needles. The results indicated that the impact of seed treatment is strongly dependent on the genetic family. In the 577 half-sib family, the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), and glutathione reductase (GR) increased after EMF-treatment in one-year-old seedlings, while similar effects in 477 half-sib family were induced by CP2 treatment. In two-year-old seedlings, CP1-treatment increased CAT, APX, POX, GR, SOD, DPPH, and ABTS activity in the 457 half-sib family. However, no significant impact of the treatment with CP1 was determined in one-year-old seedlings in this family. The application of novel technologies and the consideration of the combinatory impact of genetic and physical factors could have the potential to improve the accumulation of compounds that play an essential role in the defense mechanisms of . Nevertheless, for different resistance and responses to stressors of plants, their genetic properties play an essential role. A comprehensive analysis of interactions among the stress factors (CP and EMF), genetic properties, and changes induced in the antioxidant system can be of importance both for the practical application of seed treatment in forestry and for understanding fundamental adaptation mechanisms in conifers.
在气候变化的背景下，人们对提高针叶树抵抗生物和非生物胁迫能力的方法有巨大需求。植物对截然不同的胁迫源的常见反应是产生活性氧（ROS），随后激活防御性抗氧化系统。我们旨在评估用物理胁迫源处理种子是否能激活欧洲云杉（L.）H. Karst 幼苗中抗氧化酶的活性和自由基清除活性。为此，我们对种子进行了冷等离子体（CP）和电磁场（EMF）处理，并比较了挪威云杉十个不同半同胞家系的反应。通过出苗率、生长参数以及针叶中抗氧化能力（酶活性；DPPH 和 ABTS 清除能力）的分光光度评估，确定了 CP（1 分钟 - CP1；2 分钟 - CP2）和 EMF（2 分钟）处理对一年生和两年生幼苗的影响。结果表明，种子处理的影响强烈依赖于遗传家系。在 577 半同胞家系中，EMF 处理后一年生幼苗中抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、过氧化物酶（POX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的活性增加，而在 477 半同胞家系中，CP2 处理诱导了类似的效果。在两年生幼苗中，CP1 处理增加了 457 半同胞家系中 CAT、APX、POX、GR、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、DPPH 和 ABTS 的活性。然而，在这个家系的一年生幼苗中，未确定 CP1 处理有显著影响。应用新技术并考虑遗传和物理因素的综合影响，可能有潜力改善在欧洲云杉防御机制中起重要作用的化合物的积累。然而，对于植物对胁迫源的不同抗性和反应，它们的遗传特性起着至关重要的作用。对胁迫因素（CP 和 EMF）、遗传特性以及抗氧化系统中诱导变化之间相互作用的全面分析，对于种子处理在林业中的实际应用以及理解针叶树的基本适应机制都可能具有重要意义。
