Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 25;108(4):1468-73. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1015841108. Epub 2011 Jan 5.
The majority of B lymphocytes in the adult mouse are generated in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that first appear in the aorta-gonado-mesonephros region of the fetus on embryonic day (E) 10.5-11. Comparatively less is known about B-cell development during embryogenesis. For example, which specific embryonic tissues participate in B lymphopoiesis and whether hematopoietic differentiation is skewed toward specific B-cell subsets in the embryo are unanswered questions, because the systemic circulation is initiated early during embryogenesis, resulting in an admixture of cells potentially originating from multiple sites. We demonstrate, using Ncx1(-/-) mice that lack systemic blood circulation, that the E9 yolk sac (YS) and the intra-embryonic para-aortic splanchnopleura (P-Sp) tissues independently give rise to AA4.1(+)CD19(+)B220(lo-neg) B progenitor cells that preferentially differentiate into innate type B-1 and marginal zone (MZ) B cells but not into B-2 cells upon transplantation. We have further demonstrated that these B-1 progenitor cells arise directly from YS and P-Sp hemogenic endothelium. These results document the initial wave of innate B lymphopoietic progenitor cells available for seeding the fetal liver at E11. The results of these studies expand our knowledge of hemogenic endothelial sites specifying distinct B-1 and MZ cell fates apart from B-2 cells and independent of an HSC origin during development.
成年小鼠中的大多数 B 淋巴细胞是由造血干细胞 (HSCs) 在骨髓中产生的,这些 HSCs 最早出现在胎儿第 10.5-11 天的主动脉-性腺-中肾区。相比之下,胚胎发生过程中 B 细胞发育的相关知识还比较缺乏。例如,哪些特定的胚胎组织参与 B 淋巴细胞生成,以及造血分化是否在胚胎中偏向于特定的 B 细胞亚群,这些都是尚未解答的问题,因为胚胎发生早期就开始了全身血液循环,导致潜在源自多个部位的细胞混合。我们利用缺乏全身血液循环的 Ncx1(-/-) 小鼠证明,E9 卵黄囊 (YS) 和胚胎内主动脉旁胚脏体 (P-Sp) 组织可独立产生 AA4.1(+)CD19(+)B220(lo-neg) B 祖细胞,这些祖细胞优先分化为固有型 B-1 和边缘区 (MZ) B 细胞,但在移植后不会分化为 B-2 细胞。我们进一步证明,这些 B-1 祖细胞直接来自 YS 和 P-Sp 血生成内皮细胞。这些结果证明了 E11 时可用于播种胎儿肝脏的固有 B 淋系祖细胞的初始波。这些研究结果扩展了我们对指定不同 B-1 和 MZ 细胞命运的血生成内皮位点的认识,这些命运与 HSC 起源无关,而且在发育过程中也独立于 B-2 细胞。