Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Centers for Diabetes Research, Membrane Biosciences, and Vascular Biology and Medicine, VanNuys Medical Science Building Room 308A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Mar;22(3):110-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.12.001. Epub 2011 Jan 7.
Solving how insulin regulates glucose transport into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue remains a fundamental challenge in biology and a significant issue in medicine. A central feature of this process is the coordinated accumulation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 into the plasma membrane. New signaling and cytoskeletal mechanisms of insulin-stimulated GLUT4 exocytosis are of emerging interest, particularly those at or just beneath the plasma membrane. This review examines signals that functionally engage GLUT4 exocytosis, considers cytoskeletal regulation of the stimulated GLUT4 itinerary, and appraises the involvement of plasma membrane parameters in GLUT4 control. We also explore how these newly-defined signaling, cytoskeletal and membrane mechanisms could be of therapeutic interest in the treatment and/or prevention of GLUT4 dysregulation in disease.
解决胰岛素如何调节葡萄糖进入骨骼肌和脂肪组织的运输仍然是生物学中的一个基本挑战，也是医学中的一个重大问题。这个过程的一个核心特征是葡萄糖转运蛋白 GLUT4 协调地积累到质膜中。胰岛素刺激 GLUT4 胞吐作用的新的信号和细胞骨架机制引起了人们的兴趣，特别是那些位于质膜或其下方的机制。这篇综述检查了使 GLUT4 胞吐作用发挥功能的信号，考虑了刺激的 GLUT4 途径的细胞骨架调节，并评价了质膜参数在 GLUT4 控制中的作用。我们还探讨了这些新定义的信号、细胞骨架和膜机制在治疗和/或预防疾病中 GLUT4 失调方面的治疗潜力。
