Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20889-5105, USA.
Semin Hematol. 2011 Jan;48(1):4-12. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.11.003.
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), including immunoglobulin light chain only MGUS, is an age-dependent premalignant tumor that is present in about 4% of Caucasian individuals over the age of 50 years. It is comprised of two different kinds of tumors: about 15% lymphoid or lymphoplasmacytoid MGUS and the remainder plasma cell MGUS. Plasma cell MGUS is stable but can sporadically progress to multiple myeloma (MM) at an average rate of about 1% per year. Most, if not all, MM tumors are preceded by plasma cell MGUS, which shares four partially overlapping oncogenic features with MM. It presently is not possible to unequivocally distinguish an MGUS tumor cell from an MM tumor cell. However, two models based on clinical laboratory tests indicate that it is possible to stratify MGUS tumors into groups that have average rates of progression as low as 0.26% per year and as high as 12% per year.
意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症（MGUS），包括仅免疫球蛋白轻链 MGUS，是一种与年龄相关的癌前肿瘤，在 50 岁以上的白种人群中约占 4%。它由两种不同的肿瘤组成：约 15%的淋巴样或淋巴浆细胞样 MGUS 和其余的浆细胞 MGUS。浆细胞 MGUS 是稳定的，但偶尔会以每年约 1%的平均速度进展为多发性骨髓瘤（MM）。如果不是所有的话，大多数 MM 肿瘤之前都有浆细胞 MGUS，它与 MM 有四个部分重叠的致癌特征。目前，还不能明确区分 MGUS 肿瘤细胞和 MM 肿瘤细胞。然而，基于临床实验室检测的两种模型表明，有可能将 MGUS 肿瘤分为进展平均速度低至每年 0.26%和高至每年 12%的两组。
