Boberg E, Webster W G
Can Fam Physician. 1990 Jun;36:1156-60.
When people become concerned about stuttering, either their own or their child's, they typically seek help from their family physician or pediatrician. Characteristics and effects of stuttering can help the physician determine whether the child's speech patterns are within normal range or could be early warning signs of stuttering. Referral to a speech-language pathologist should be considered when any of the following are noted: excessive part-word repetitions or sound prolongations; signs of tension, such as lip tremors, facial grimaces, or breath holding associated with speech; indications of embarrassment or apprehension; and a tendency to withdraw from speech opportunities. The authors briefly review theories on the causes of stuttering, describe current therapy, and identify some specialized treatment centres.
当人们开始担心口吃问题时，无论是自己的还是孩子的，他们通常会向家庭医生或儿科医生寻求帮助。口吃的特征和影响可以帮助医生确定孩子的言语模式是否在正常范围内，或者是否可能是口吃的早期预警信号。当出现以下任何一种情况时，应考虑转诊给言语治疗师：过多的单词部分重复或声音延长；紧张的迹象，如嘴唇颤抖、面部抽搐或与说话相关的屏气；尴尬或忧虑的表现；以及回避言语机会的倾向。作者简要回顾了口吃原因的理论，描述了当前的治疗方法，并介绍了一些专门的治疗中心。
