Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 1998 May;8(4):169-74. doi: 10.1016/S1050-1738(98)00006-1.
Leukocyte infiltration into inflammatory or injured tissues requires a variety of cell-associated and soluble factors that mediate the communications between circulating leukocytes and vascular cells. During the past decade, a superfamily of polypeptide leukocyte chemoattractants known as chemokines has been identified and demonstrated to selectively induce rapid endothelial cell adhesion and transmigration of leukocyte subpopulations. Chemokines are produced by virtually every mammalian somatic cell type in response to inflammatory and immunologic stimuli and have been detected in tissues of numerous disease states characterized by infiltration of distinct leukocyte subsets. Chemokines bind and activate cell surface receptors that belong to the seven transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Several chemokine receptors have been identified as fusion cofactors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Chemokines have also been shown to play a critical role in atherosclerosis and ischemic reperfusion injury. As chemokine research is a rapidly expanding area, it is the purpose of this brief review to summarize recent progress in the field and to focus on the involvement of chemokines in cardiovascular diseases.
白细胞浸润到炎症或受损组织需要多种细胞相关和可溶性因子，这些因子介导循环白细胞和血管细胞之间的通讯。在过去的十年中，已经鉴定出一种称为趋化因子的多肽白细胞趋化因子超家族，并证明其选择性诱导白细胞亚群的快速内皮细胞黏附和迁移。趋化因子几乎可以由所有哺乳动物体细胞类型产生，以响应炎症和免疫刺激，并在多种疾病状态的组织中检测到，这些疾病状态的特征是特定白细胞亚群的浸润。趋化因子结合并激活属于七跨膜、G 蛋白偶联受体超家族的细胞表面受体。已经鉴定出几种趋化因子受体作为人类免疫缺陷病毒 1（HIV-1）的融合辅助因子。趋化因子也被证明在动脉粥样硬化和缺血再灌注损伤中发挥关键作用。由于趋化因子研究是一个迅速扩展的领域，因此本文的目的是总结该领域的最新进展，并重点关注趋化因子在心血管疾病中的作用。
