K.U. Leuven, Parenting and Special Education Research Group, Vesaliusstraat 2, P.O. Box 3765, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Res Dev Disabil. 2011 Mar-Apr;32(2):491-503. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.034. Epub 2011 Jan 13.
Few studies have examined joint attention in interactions with persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD), despite its important role in high-quality interaction. The purpose of this study is to describe the attention-directing behaviours of persons with PIMD and their direct support staff and the attention episodes resulting from their interactions, and to understand how these variables relate to each other. Video observations of 17 staff-client dyads were coded using partial interval recording. The results showed considerable variation across individuals and dyads. In general, persons with PIMD directed the attention of staff members infrequently. The staff members frequently directed their clients' attention towards a topic of interest but did not often use the tactile modality. Within the staff-client dyad, there was not much joint attention; however, shared attention episodes occurred frequently. Shared attention and joint attention are strongly correlated. A negative correlation was found between clients not using attention-directing behaviours and staff members using tactile methods to direct the attention, and joint attention episodes. This study presents both directions for future research and practical implications.
很少有研究考察过与重度智力和多重残疾人士（PIMD）互动中的共同注意力，尽管它在高质量互动中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是描述 PIMD 人士及其直接支持人员的注意力引导行为，以及由此产生的注意力事件，并了解这些变量之间是如何相互关联的。使用部分区间记录对 17 个员工-客户对子的视频观察进行了编码。结果显示个体和对子之间存在相当大的差异。一般来说，PIMD 人士很少引导工作人员的注意力。工作人员经常将客户的注意力引导到感兴趣的话题上，但并不经常使用触觉模式。在员工-客户对子中，共同注意力并不多；然而，共享注意力事件经常发生。共享注意力和共同注意力密切相关。客户不使用注意力引导行为与工作人员使用触觉方法引导注意力以及共同注意力事件之间存在负相关。本研究为未来的研究和实际应用提供了两个方向。
