Centre for the Built Environment and Health, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, M707, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Health Place. 2011 Mar;17(2):545-50. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.011. Epub 2010 Dec 19.
The impact of neighborhood walkability (based on street connectivity and traffic exposure) within 2 km of public primary schools on children regularly walking to school was examined. The most (n=13) and least walkable (n=12) schools were selected using a school-specific 'walkability' index and a cross sectional study undertaken of Year 5, 6 and 7 children (n=1480) and consenting parents (n=1332). After adjustment, regularly walking to school was higher in children attending schools in high walkable neighborhoods (i.e, high street connectivity and low traffic volume) (Odds ratio (OR) 3.63; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.01-6.56), and less likely in neighborhoods with high connectivity but high traffic volume (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.22-0.47). Connected street networks provide direct routes to school but when designed for heavy traffic, the potential for children to walk to school is reduced. This highlights the importance of carefully considering school siting and, particularly, street design in school neighborhoods.
研究了距离公立小学 2 公里范围内的邻里步行便利性（基于街道连通性和交通暴露程度）对儿童经常步行上学的影响。使用特定于学校的“步行便利性”指数选择最（n=13）和最不（n=12）步行的学校，并对 5、6 和 7 年级的儿童（n=1480）和同意的家长（n=1332）进行了横断面研究。调整后，在高步行便利社区（即高街道连通性和低交通量）上学的儿童经常步行上学的比例更高（比值比（OR）3.63；95%置信区间（CI）2.01-6.56），而在交通量高但连通性高的社区，这种可能性较低（OR 0.32；95%CI 0.22-0.47）。连通的街道网络为通往学校提供了直接路线，但当为交通繁忙而设计时，儿童步行上学的潜力就会降低。这凸显了仔细考虑学校选址的重要性，特别是学校社区的街道设计。
