Sugiyama Takemi, Salmon Jo, Dunstan David W, Bauman Adrian E, Owen Neville
Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Am J Prev Med. 2007 Dec;33(6):444-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.035.
Built-environment attributes of a neighborhood are associated with participation in physical activity and may also influence time spent in sedentary behaviors. Associations of neighborhood walkability (based on dwelling density, street connectivity, land-use mix, and net retail area) and television viewing time were compared in a large, spatially-derived sample of Australian adults.
Neighborhood-level variables (walkability and socioeconomic status [SES]) were calculated in 154 Australian census collection districts using Geographic Information Systems. Individual-level variables (TV viewing time, time spent in leisure-time physical activity, height, weight, and sociodemographic variables) were collected from adults living in urban areas of Adelaide, Australia using a mail survey (N=2224) in 2003-2004. Multilevel linear regression analysis was conducted in 2006 separately for men and women to examine variations in TV viewing time across tertiles of walkability.
Neighborhood walkability was negatively associated with TV viewing time in women, but not in men. After controlling for neighborhood SES, body mass index, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables, women living in medium- and high-walkable neighborhoods reported significantly less TV viewing time per day (14 minutes and 17 minutes, respectively) compared to those residing in low-walkable neighborhoods.
Built-environment attributes of neighborhoods that are related to physical activity also may play an important role in influencing sedentary behavior, particularly among women. Considering the effects of prolonged sedentary time on health risks, which are independent of physical activity, there is the need for further research to explore how environmental characteristics may contribute to the amount of time spent in sedentary behavior.
社区的建成环境属性与身体活动参与度相关，也可能影响久坐行为的时长。在一个来自澳大利亚成年人的大型空间样本中，比较了社区步行适宜性（基于居住密度、街道连通性、土地利用混合度和净零售面积）与看电视时间之间的关联。
使用地理信息系统在154个澳大利亚人口普查收集区计算社区层面的变量（步行适宜性和社会经济地位[SES]）。2003 - 2004年，通过邮件调查从居住在澳大利亚阿德莱德市区的成年人中收集个体层面的变量（看电视时间、休闲时间身体活动时长、身高、体重和社会人口统计学变量）（N = 2224）。2006年分别对男性和女性进行多水平线性回归分析，以检验步行适宜性三分位数区间内看电视时间的差异。
社区步行适宜性与女性的看电视时间呈负相关，但与男性无关。在控制了社区SES、体重指数、身体活动和社会人口统计学变量后，与居住在低步行适宜性社区的女性相比，居住在中等和高步行适宜性社区的女性报告的每日看电视时间显著减少（分别为14分钟和17分钟）。
与身体活动相关的社区建成环境属性在影响久坐行为方面也可能发挥重要作用，尤其是在女性中。考虑到久坐时间延长对健康风险的影响独立于身体活动，有必要进一步研究探索环境特征如何影响久坐行为的时长。
