Korenbrot C C, Brindis C, Priddy F
Center for Reproductive Health Policy Research, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0936.
Public Health Rep. 1990 Nov-Dec;105(6):555-62.
Abortion rates rose following the expanded legalization of abortion by the Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade. As a result, the impact of the restriction on Federal funding of abortions under the Hyde Amendment in 1977 was not clear. However, abortion rates had plateaued by 1985, when State funding of Medicaid abortions was restricted in Colorado, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania. Analysis of statewide data from the three States indicated that following restrictions on State funding of abortions, the proportion of reported pregnancies resulting in births, rather than in abortions, increased in all three States. In 1985, the first year of State restrictions on the use of public funds for abortion, Colorado, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania recorded 1.9 to 2.4 percent increases in the proportion of reported pregnancies resulting in live births, after years of declining rates. With adjustments for underreporting of abortion, there was an overall 1.2 percent rise in the proportion of pregnancies resulting in live births in those States. Nationally the proportion rose only 0.4 percent. By 1987, the three States had experienced increases above 1984 levels of 1.6 to 5.9 percent in the proportion of reported pregnancies resulting in live births. The experiences of the three States can be used in projecting an expected increase in the proportions of reported pregnancies resulting in live births, rather than in abortions, for similar States. A projection for California, for example, showed that an increase could be expected in the first year of restrictions on the use of public funds for abortion of at least 4,000 births, which could be expected largely to affect women of low income.
随着最高法院在“罗诉韦德案”中的裁决扩大了堕胎合法化范围，堕胎率上升。因此，1977年《海德修正案》对联邦堕胎资金的限制所产生的影响并不明确。然而，到1985年堕胎率趋于平稳，当时科罗拉多州、北卡罗来纳州和宾夕法尼亚州对医疗补助堕胎的州资金进行了限制。对这三个州的全州数据进行分析表明，在对州堕胎资金进行限制后，三个州上报的怀孕后生育而非堕胎的比例均有所增加。1985年，即州限制使用公共资金进行堕胎的第一年，在多年下降之后，科罗拉多州、北卡罗来纳州和宾夕法尼亚州上报的怀孕后活产的比例增加了1.9%至2.4%。经对堕胎漏报情况进行调整后，这些州怀孕后活产的比例总体上升了1.2%。在全国范围内，这一比例仅上升了0.4%。到1987年，这三个州上报的怀孕后活产的比例比1984年的水平高出了1.6%至5.9%。这三个州的经验可用于预测类似州上报的怀孕后活产而非堕胎的比例的预期增长情况。例如，对加利福尼亚州的一项预测显示，在限制使用公共资金进行堕胎的第一年，预计至少会增加4000例分娩，预计这将主要影响低收入女性。
