Schaffartzik Walter, Hachenberg Thomas, Neu Johann
Klinik für Anästhe siologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb), Ärztlicher Leiter des ukb und Vorsitzender der Schlichtungsstelle für Arzthaftpfl ichtfragen der norddeutschen Ärztekammern, Hannover. Walter.Schaff
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2011 Jan;46(1):32-7; quiz 38. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1270557. Epub 2011 Jan 17.
Injuries related to the airway management belong to the most often observed anaesthesia-related complications. Injuries of the trachea and the oesophagus possibly require surgical treatment. The most severe injuries caused by the airway management are the hypoxic brain damage and the patient's death. Tracheal injuries happen foremost as a result of tracheal intubation. Symptoms like subcutaneous emphysema and dyspnea are likely a sign of a tracheal lesion and need to be examined by Thorax-CT and endoscopy of the airways. In order to avoid injuries, medical treatment has to be applied with the appropriate care and strict adherence to the manufacturer's requirements regarding the use of the assisting devices necessary for the tracheal intubation. While some of he cases presented have to be assessed as of fateful origin, others are clearly the results of medical errors.
与气道管理相关的损伤属于最常观察到的麻醉相关并发症。气管和食管损伤可能需要手术治疗。气道管理造成的最严重损伤是缺氧性脑损伤和患者死亡。气管损伤主要是气管插管的结果。皮下气肿和呼吸困难等症状可能是气管病变的迹象，需要通过胸部CT和气道内镜检查。为避免损伤，必须在使用气管插管所需辅助设备时谨慎操作并严格遵守制造商的要求。虽然所呈现的一些病例必须被评估为致命性的，但其他病例显然是医疗失误的结果。
