Simonsen P E, Nega A, Furu P
Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
East Afr Med J. 1990 Aug;67(8):532-8.
A survey for transmission of schistosomiasis was carried out in one of the labour villages of Wonji Sugar Estate, Ethiopia. Little or no schistosomiasis was present prior to establishment of this irrigation scheme. The survey revealed that 82% of the children between 5-14 years were now excreting S. mansoni eggs, and high intensities of egg excretion were observed (geometric mean intensity 377 eggs/g faeces, with 26% excreting greater than or equal to 1000 eggs/g). Large numbers of Biomphalaria pfeifferi snails were discovered in the irrigation canals near the village, of which 5% were shedding schistosome cercariae. No cases of urinary schistosomiasis were seen, although intermediate hosts of this infection were present. Poor maintenance of sanitary and water supply facilities, combined with a lack of community involvement in the control measures, were identified as major contributors to the dramatic rise in transmission. All children infected with S. mansoni were treated with praziquantel (40 mg/kg body weight). A follow up one month after chemotherapy indicated a cure rate of 69% and a reduction in geometric mean egg output of 77%.
在埃塞俄比亚翁吉糖厂的一个劳工村开展了一项血吸虫病传播情况调查。在该灌溉计划实施之前，当地几乎没有血吸虫病。调查显示，5至14岁的儿童中有82%现在排出曼氏血吸虫卵，且观察到较高的排卵强度（几何平均强度为377个卵/克粪便，26%的儿童排出量大于或等于1000个卵/克）。在村庄附近的灌溉水渠中发现了大量的费氏拟钉螺，其中5%排出血吸虫尾蚴。尽管存在这种感染的中间宿主，但未发现埃及血吸虫病病例。卫生和供水设施维护不善，再加上社区缺乏对控制措施的参与，被认为是传播率急剧上升的主要原因。所有感染曼氏血吸虫的儿童都接受了吡喹酮治疗（40毫克/千克体重）。化疗一个月后的随访显示治愈率为69%，几何平均卵排出量减少了77%。
