Engels D, Ndoricimpa J, Gryseels B
Schistosomiasis Control Programme, Bujumbura, Burundi.
Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(2):207-14.
Described is the evolution of the schistosomiasis control programme in Burundi since 1985. A single round of selective population chemotherapy was carried out in the Rusizi Plain and the Bugesera focus from 1985 to 1990. The prevalences and intensities of infection as well as the number of symptomatic cases detected in general health services decreased considerably. Annual sample surveys in the treated areas showed, however, that these improvements were rapidly reversed by reinfection of the demographically changing population. Since repeated selective population chemotherapy was not sustainable in the long term, a primary health care approach was adopted. In areas with good access to basic health services, approximately 10% of all schistosomiasis cases now receive treatment annually through this approach. Yearly selective chemotherapy in primary schools in suburban Bujumbura reduced the prevalence of schistosomal infection among pupils from 23% to 9% over the period 1984-90, and this programme has now been extended to highly endemic areas in Imbo-Sud. Focal snail control produced disappointing results, and emphasis has therefore shifted towards health education and environmental control of transmission.
本文描述了自1985年以来布隆迪血吸虫病控制项目的演变情况。1985年至1990年期间，在鲁济济平原和布热塞拉疫源地开展了一轮选择性群体化疗。总体医疗服务中检测到的感染率、感染强度以及有症状病例数量均大幅下降。然而，在治疗地区进行的年度抽样调查显示，由于人口结构变化导致的再感染，这些改善很快就被逆转了。由于长期反复进行选择性群体化疗不可持续，因此采用了初级卫生保健方法。在能够很好地获得基本卫生服务的地区，现在约10%的所有血吸虫病病例通过这种方法每年接受治疗。1984年至1990年期间，在布琼布拉郊区小学开展的年度选择性化疗将学生中的血吸虫感染率从23%降至9%，该项目现已扩展到因博-苏德的高流行地区。局部灭螺效果不佳，因此重点已转向健康教育和传播的环境控制。
