Rodriguez-Bruno Krista, Papel Ira D
Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
Facial Plast Surg. 2011 Feb;27(1):98-111. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1270427. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
There is an unprecedented acceptance of rhytidectomy by today's society. No longer limited to the affluent few, middle class citizens are devoting their expendable income to achieve a more youthful appearance that is natural and inconspicuous. Despite recent difficult economic times, the mindset of the working population continues to be welcoming of rhytidectomy as a way to achieve a refreshed look while expecting minimal downtime and morbidity. To achieve these results, the current literature has described an array of techniques; however, there is no consensus on a preferred method, which reflects limitations and advantages inherent to every style of face-lifting. Each individual patient will have specific needs, and it is key for the facial plastic surgeon to select a technique that can address those areas most affected by the aging process. Whichever method used, an emphasis on safety is of the utmost importance. A solid understanding of the relevant anatomy is imperative as is the awareness of how to best avoid complications. Rhytidectomy can be a challenging procedure, and although complications are fortunately rare, they can be cosmetically devastating and poorly accepted by the elective cosmetic patient. This article aims at providing a summary of the history, the anatomy, and the currently accepted methods in rhytidectomy, emphasizing principles and practices of safety.
如今的社会对除皱手术的接受程度达到了前所未有的高度。除皱手术不再局限于少数富人，中产阶级也在将可支配收入用于实现更年轻的外表，这种外表要自然且不引人注目。尽管最近经济形势困难，但劳动人口的观念仍然乐于接受除皱手术，将其作为一种既能焕然一新又能使停工期和发病率降至最低的方式。为了达到这些效果，当前的文献描述了一系列技术；然而，对于首选方法并没有达成共识，这反映了每种面部提升方式固有的局限性和优势。每个患者都有特定需求，对面部整形医生来说，关键是选择一种能够解决那些受衰老过程影响最严重区域的技术。无论使用哪种方法，强调安全性都是至关重要的。扎实掌握相关解剖知识以及了解如何最好地避免并发症同样必不可少。除皱手术可能是一项具有挑战性的手术，幸运的是并发症很少见，但它们可能在美容方面造成毁灭性后果，并且很难被择期美容患者接受。本文旨在总结除皱手术的历史、解剖学以及当前公认的方法，强调安全原则和操作。
