Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Apr;110(4):1013-20. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00438.2010. Epub 2011 Jan 20.
Resistance and aerobic exercise is recommended for cardiovascular health and disease prevention. However, the accompanying increase in arterial pressure during resistance exercise may be detrimental to vascular health. This study tests the vascular benefits of aerobic compared with resistance exercise on preventing impaired vascular function induced by a single weight lifting session that is associated with acute hypertension. Healthy, lean sedentary (SED) subjects, weight lifters, runners (>15 miles/wk), and cross trainers (chronic aerobic and resistance exercisers), underwent a single progressive leg press weight lifting session with blood pressure measurements. Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD; an index of arterial endothelial function) was determined using ultrasonography immediately before and after weight lifting. Sublingual nitroglycerin (0.4 mg) was used to determine endothelium-independent dilation after weight lifting. All subjects were normotensive with similar blood pressure responses during exercise. Baseline FMD was lower in runners (5.4 ± 0.5%; n = 13) and cross trainers (4.44 ± 0.3%; n = 13) vs. SED (8.5 ± 0.8%; n = 13; P = 0.037). Brachial FMD improved in conditioned weight lifters (to 8.8 ± 0.9%; P = 0.007) and runners (to 7.6 ± 0.6%; P < 0.001) but not cross trainers (to 5.3 ± 0.6%; P = NS) after acute hypertension. FMD was decreased in SED (to 5.7 ± 0.4%; P = 0.019). Dilation to nitroglycerin was similar among groups. These data suggest that endothelial responses are maintained after exposure to a single bout of weight lifting in resistance and aerobic athletes. Resistance and aerobic exercise may confer similar protection against acute vascular insults such as exertional hypertension.
对于心血管健康和疾病预防，建议进行阻力和有氧运动。然而，阻力运动期间伴随的动脉压升高可能对血管健康有害。本研究测试了与急性高血压相关的单次举重会引起的血管功能障碍，比较了有氧运动与阻力运动对预防这种血管功能障碍的益处。健康、瘦的久坐（SED）受试者、举重运动员、跑步者（>15 英里/周）和交叉训练者（慢性有氧和阻力训练者）进行了一次渐进式腿部按压举重，同时测量血压。使用超声心动图在举重前后立即测量肱动脉血流介导的血管舒张（FMD；动脉内皮功能的指标）。在举重后使用舌下硝酸甘油（0.4mg）确定内皮非依赖性扩张。所有受试者血压正常，运动期间血压反应相似。跑步者（5.4±0.5%；n=13）和交叉训练者（4.44±0.3%；n=13）的基础 FMD 低于 SED（8.5±0.8%；n=13；P=0.037）。有条件的举重运动员（增加到 8.8±0.9%；P=0.007）和跑步者（增加到 7.6±0.6%；P<0.001）的肱动脉 FMD 在急性高血压后有所改善，但交叉训练者没有改善（增加到 5.3±0.6%；P=NS）。SED 的 FMD 降低（降低到 5.7±0.4%；P=0.019）。各组之间的硝酸甘油扩张相似。这些数据表明，在抵抗和有氧运动运动员中，单次举重暴露后内皮反应得以维持。抵抗和有氧运动可能对急性血管损伤（如运动性高血压）提供类似的保护。
