Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2011 Apr;43(4):478-81. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.01.007. Epub 2011 Jan 21.
Metabologens initiate, promote and maintain morphogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) which belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, represent a major class of metabologens that regulate ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm derived tissue formation. In order to temporally and spatially control BMP initiated signaling cascades, a tight regulatory network is needed to maintain concinnity. There are a number of ways how BMP signaling can be inhibited or more likely be modified, among which the direct extracellular inhibition through cysteine-knot containing proteins from the DAN-, the twisted gastrulation-, chordin- and noggin-family is a classic. This review focuses on noggin and its impact on the vast array of BMP driven actions and thereby invites the ever-growing BMP research field to (re-) investigate noggin's function in detail.
代谢调节物启动、促进和维持形态发生和成年组织稳态。骨形态发生蛋白（BMPs）属于转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）超家族，是调节外胚层、中胚层和内胚层衍生组织形成的主要代谢调节物之一。为了时空控制 BMP 启动的信号级联，需要一个紧密的调节网络来维持协调性。有许多方法可以抑制或更可能修饰 BMP 信号，其中通过 DAN、扭曲原肠胚层、Chordin 和 Noggin 家族的含半胱氨酸结的蛋白质进行直接的细胞外抑制是经典的方法。本文重点介绍 Noggin 及其对广泛的 BMP 驱动作用的影响，从而邀请日益壮大的 BMP 研究领域（重新）详细研究 Noggin 的功能。
