Department of Biology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, Canada.
Microb Biotechnol. 2008 Nov;1(6):463-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2008.00047.x. Epub 2008 Aug 4.
Plant genetic manipulation has led to the development of genetically modified plants (GMPs) expressing various traits. Since their first commercial use in 1996, GMPs have been increasingly used, reaching a global cultivating production area of 114.3 million hectares in 2007. The rapid development of agricultural biotechnology and release of GMPs have provided many agronomic and economic benefits, but has also raised concerns over the potential impact these plants might have on the environment. Among these environmental concerns, the unintentional impact that GMPs might have on soil-associated microbes, especially rhizosphere-inhabiting bacteria or rhizobacteria, represents one of the least studied and understood areas. As rhizobacteria are responsible for numerous key functions including nutrient cycling and decomposition, they have been defined as good indicator organisms to assess the general impact that GMPs might have on the soil environment. This minireview summarizes the results of various experiments that have been conducted to date on the impact of GMPs on rhizobacteria. Both biological and technical parameters are discussed and an attempt is made to determine if specific rhizobacterial responses exist for the different categories of GMPs developed to date.
植物遗传操作导致了表达各种特性的转基因植物（GMP）的发展。自 1996 年首次商业应用以来，GMP 的使用越来越多，到 2007 年全球种植面积达到 1.143 亿公顷。农业生物技术的快速发展和 GMP 的释放带来了许多农业和经济效益，但也引起了人们对这些植物可能对环境产生的潜在影响的关注。在这些环境问题中，GMP 可能对土壤相关微生物（尤其是根际细菌或根际细菌）产生的无意影响是研究和理解最少的领域之一。由于根际细菌负责许多关键功能，包括养分循环和分解，因此它们被定义为评估 GMP 对土壤环境总体影响的良好指示生物。这篇综述总结了迄今为止关于 GMP 对根际细菌影响的各种实验的结果。讨论了生物和技术参数，并试图确定是否存在针对迄今为止开发的不同类别的 GMP 的特定根际细菌反应。
