Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 1a Planta, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2011 Jan;39(1):269-74. doi: 10.1042/BST0390269.
There are thousands of areas in the U.S.A. and Europe contaminated with cyanide-containing wastes as a consequence of a large number of industrial activities such as gold mining, steel and aluminium manufacturing, electroplating and nitrile pesticides used in agriculture. Chemical treatments to remove cyanide are expensive and generate other toxic products. By contrast, cyanide biodegradation constitutes an appropriate alternative treatment. In the present review we provide an overview of how cells deal in the presence of the poison cyanide that irreversible binds to metals causing, among other things, iron-deprivation conditions outside the cell and metalloenzymes inhibition inside the cell. In this sense, several systems must be present in a cyanotrophic organism, including a siderophore-based acquisition mechanism, a cyanide-insensitive respiratory system and a cyanide degradation/assimilation pathway. The alkaliphilic autochthonous bacterium Pseudomonas pseudocaligenes CECT5344 presents all these requirements with the production of siderophores, a cyanide-insensitive bd-related cytochrome [Cio (cyanide-insensitive oxidase)] and a cyanide assimilation pathway that generates ammonium, which is further incorporated into organic nitrogen.
美国和欧洲有数千个地区受到含氰废物的污染，这是许多工业活动的结果，如采金、钢铁和铝制造、电镀以及农业中使用的腈农药。去除氰化物的化学处理费用昂贵，并且会产生其他有毒产品。相比之下，氰化物生物降解是一种合适的替代处理方法。在本综述中，我们概述了细胞在存在氰化物这种不可逆地与金属结合的毒物时如何应对，这会导致细胞外铁缺乏和细胞内金属酶抑制等情况。从这个意义上说，在一个产氰蓝细菌中必须存在几种系统，包括基于铁载体的获取机制、对氰化物不敏感的呼吸系统和氰化物降解/同化途径。嗜碱性本土细菌 Pseudomonas pseudocaligenes CECT5344 具有生产铁载体、对氰化物不敏感的 bd 相关细胞色素 [Cio（对氰化物不敏感的氧化酶）] 和氰化物同化途径的能力，该途径生成铵，进一步掺入有机氮中。
