Feucht Cynthia, Patel Dilip R
Borgess Ambulatory Care, Kalamazoo, MI 49048, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011 Feb;58(1):11-9, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.10.005.
An understanding of the basic principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs is important in appropriate therapeutic use of various drugs. In simple terms, the effects of the body on the drug once it has entered the body has been referred to as pharmacokinetics, and it aims to provide a quantitative assessment of the main processes involved in biodisposition of the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Pharmacodynamics concerns itself with the effects of the drug on the body and the main processes involved are the action of the drug on specific sites, especially the receptors. In addition, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics evaluates the influence of genetics on drug response. This article reviews basic concepts of pharmacology applicable to psychotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of mental disorders of children and adolescents.
了解药物的药代动力学和药效学基本原理对于合理使用各种药物进行治疗很重要。简单来说，药物进入体内后机体对药物的作用被称为药代动力学，其目的是对药物生物转化过程中涉及的主要过程进行定量评估，包括吸收、分布、代谢和排泄。药效学关注药物对机体的作用，涉及的主要过程是药物对特定部位，尤其是受体的作用。此外，药物遗传学和药物基因组学评估遗传学对药物反应的影响。本文综述了适用于治疗儿童和青少年精神障碍的心理治疗药物的药理学基本概念。
