Departments of Emergency Medicine Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Emerg Med Australas. 2011 Feb;23(1):103-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2010.01381.x.
Alachlor and butachlor are commonly used chloroacetanilide herbicides. They are cytotoxic, but there have been rare reported cases of alachlor or butachlor induced erythema multiforme major. We report the case of a 38-year-old farmer with erythema multiforme major due to the occupational exposure to alachlor/butachlor. The patient presented to the ED because of itching. Confluent erythematous to violaceous maculopatches with bullae and erosions were seen on the trunk, both upper extremities and both lower extremities. He had no relevant past or family history of a similar skin disease. He had used alachlor/butachlor for 3 days before he developed the itch. We performed a skin incisional biopsy and found diffuse hydropic degeneration with many necrotic keratinocytes in the epidermis and mild to moderate superficial perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate admixed with neutrophils and eosinophils in the upper dermis. These results confirmed the diagnosis of erythema multiforme major. The patient was admitted and received systemic and topical steroids. After 18 days, most lesions had healed, and he was discharged.
甲草胺和乙草胺是常用的氯乙酰胺类除草剂。它们具有细胞毒性,但很少有报道称甲草胺或乙草胺会引起大疱性多形红斑。我们报告了一例 38 岁农民因职业接触甲草胺/乙草胺而发生大疱性多形红斑的病例。患者因瘙痒就诊于急诊科。在躯干、双上肢和双下肢可见融合性红斑至紫红斑斑疹,伴水疱和糜烂。他没有类似皮肤病的相关既往或家族史。在出现瘙痒之前,他已经使用了甲草胺/乙草胺 3 天。我们进行了皮肤切开活检,发现表皮弥漫性水肿性变性,许多角质形成细胞坏死,真皮浅层血管周围轻度至中度淋巴细胞浸润,混合中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞。这些结果证实了大疱性多形红斑的诊断。患者住院并接受了全身和局部类固醇治疗。18 天后,大部分皮损已愈合,患者出院。