Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Microb Ecol. 2011 Aug;62(2):287-98. doi: 10.1007/s00248-011-9812-0. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
The Grande Albergo Ausonia & Hungaria (Venice Lido, Italy) has an Art Nouveau polychrome ceramic coating on its façade, which was restored in 2007. Soon after the conservation treatment, many tiles of the façade decoration showed coloured alterations putatively attributed to the presence of microbial communities. To confirm the presence of the biological deposit and the stratigraphy of the Hungaria tiles, stereomicroscope, optical and environmental scanning electron microscope observations were made. The characterisation of the microbial community was performed using a PCR-DGGE approach. This study reported the first use of a culture-independent approach to identify the total community present in biodeteriorated artistic tiles. The case study examined here reveals that the coloured alterations on the tiles were mainly due to the presence of cryptoendolithic cyanobacteria. In addition, we proved that the microflora present on the tiles was generally greatly influenced by the environment of the Hungaria hotel. We found several microorganisms related to the alkaline environment, which is in the range of the tile pH, and related to the aquatic environment, the presence of the acrylic resin Paraloid B72® used during the 2007 treatment and the pollutants of the Venice lagoon.
意大利威尼斯利多的格兰德奥伯龙奥索尼亚酒店（Grande Albergo Ausonia & Hungaria）的正面有一个新艺术主义的彩色陶瓷涂层，该涂层于 2007 年进行了修复。在修复后不久，许多正面装饰瓷砖就出现了着色变化，据称这归因于微生物群落的存在。为了确认生物沉积物的存在和匈牙利瓷砖的地层结构，进行了立体显微镜、光学和环境扫描电子显微镜观察。使用 PCR-DGGE 方法对微生物群落进行了特征描述。本研究首次报告了使用非培养方法来鉴定存在于生物降解艺术瓷砖中的总群落。本案例研究表明，瓷砖上的着色变化主要是由于 cryptoendolithic 蓝细菌的存在。此外，我们证明了瓷砖上的微生物群通常受到 Hungaria 酒店环境的极大影响。我们发现了一些与碱性环境相关的微生物，其范围与瓷砖的 pH 值相当，还与水生态环境、2007 年修复过程中使用的丙烯酸树脂 Paraloid B72®以及威尼斯泻湖的污染物相关。
