Department of Psychology, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, Florida.
Mem Cognit. 1976 Sep;4(5):643-7. doi: 10.3758/BF03213229.
Recent research in language comprehension indicates a constructive encoding process in which the linguistic input is transformed into some more general semantic structure which is stored. In attempting to characterize the nature of such structures, some conflicting findings have been observed for paragraphs which describe similar set-theoretic relations, linear orderings and set inclusions. While the linear ordering research supports the constructivist theory, the set inclusion work does not. The set inclusion studies, however, employed true-false tests and not the usual recognition tests. The present study investigated the processing of set inclusion paragraphs in a self-paced study/recognition test paradigm. Results supported the constructivist theory and were contrary to predictions based upon the previous set inclusion research. Subjects were unable to differentiate between presented information and unpresented deducible information. These results were discussed in terms of accuracy constraints of different tasks on memorial performance and a possible interaction of Type of Test by Universal Quantification.
近期语言理解方面的研究表明，在语言输入转化为更普遍的语义结构并被存储的过程中存在一种建构性的编码方式。在尝试描述这些结构的本质时，人们观察到了一些相互矛盾的发现，这些发现涉及到描述相似集合论关系、线性排序和集合包含的段落。虽然线性排序研究支持建构主义理论，但集合包含的研究则不支持。然而，集合包含的研究采用的是真假测试，而不是通常的识别测试。本研究在自我调节研究/识别测试范式中调查了集合包含段落的处理。结果支持建构主义理论，与基于先前集合包含研究的预测相悖。被试无法区分呈现的信息和未呈现的可推知的信息。这些结果从不同任务对记忆表现的准确性约束以及测试类型和全称量化的可能交互的角度进行了讨论。
