Jayakumar P, Di Silvio L
Department of Biomaterials, Kings College London, UK.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2010 Dec;224(12):1415-40. doi: 10.1243/09544119JEIM821.
Osteoblasts are integral to the development, growth, function, repair and maintenance of bone. The osteoblast forms organic, non-mineralized bone matrix and is involved in complex interactions with a variety of factors, mediators and cell types. Degeneration, pathology, and trauma cause disruption and destruction of the normal skeletal environment and may lead to bone loss. There is a rise in active populations involved in trauma, elderly patients with fragility fractures and an overall increase in primary, revision and reconstructive bone and joint surgery. Despite the rapid evolution of implant technologies and bone grafting techniques, there is still a great demand for novel bone replacement strategies. Bone tissue engineering is the state of the art science with the potential to regenerate bone with natural form and function. This review presents the biology of osteoblasts and their current applications in bone tissue engineering biotechnologies and role in stem cell, bioactive factor, recombinant signalling molecule and gene therapy research.
成骨细胞对于骨骼的发育、生长、功能、修复和维持至关重要。成骨细胞形成有机的、未矿化的骨基质，并参与与多种因子、介质和细胞类型的复杂相互作用。退化、病理变化和创伤会导致正常骨骼环境的破坏和损毁，并可能导致骨质流失。参与创伤治疗的活跃人群有所增加，老年脆性骨折患者增多，原发性、翻修性以及重建性骨与关节手术总体上也在增加。尽管植入技术和骨移植技术迅速发展，但对新型骨替代策略仍有巨大需求。骨组织工程是一门前沿科学，具有再生具有自然形态和功能的骨骼的潜力。本综述介绍了成骨细胞的生物学特性及其在骨组织工程生物技术中的当前应用，以及在干细胞、生物活性因子、重组信号分子和基因治疗研究中的作用。
