Laboratório de Bioensaios e Dinâmica Celular, Depto. Química e Bioquímica, Instituto de Biociência, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Excellion Biomedical Services, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2014 Nov 1;561:88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.06.019. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Bone is a highly dynamic and specialized tissue, capable of regenerating itself spontaneously when afflicted by minor injuries. Nevertheless, when major lesions occur, it becomes necessary to use biomaterials, which are not only able to endure the cellular proliferation and migration, but also to substitute the original tissue or integrate itself to it. With the life expectancy growth, regenerative medicine has been gaining constant attention in the reconstructive field of dentistry and orthopedy. Focusing on broadening the therapeutic possibilities for the regeneration of injured organs, the development of biomaterials allied with the applicability of gene therapy and bone bioengineering has been receiving vast attention over the recent years. The progress of cellular and molecular biology techniques gave way to new-guided therapy possibilities. Supported by multidisciplinary activities, tissue engineering combines the interaction of physicists, chemists, biologists, engineers, biotechnologist, dentists and physicians with common goals: the search for materials that could promote and lead cell activity. A well-oriented combining of scaffolds, promoting factors, cells, together with gene therapy advances may open new avenues to bone healing in the near future. In this review, our target was to write a report bringing overall concepts on tissue bioengineering, with a special attention to decisive biological parameters for the development of biomaterials, as well as to discuss known intracellular signal transduction as a new manner to be explored within this field, aiming to predict in vitro the quality of the host cell/material and thus contributing with the development of regenerative medicine.
骨骼是一种高度动态和专业化的组织，在受到轻微损伤时能够自发再生。然而，当发生重大损伤时，就需要使用生物材料，这些材料不仅能够承受细胞的增殖和迁移，还能够替代原始组织或与其整合。随着预期寿命的增长，再生医学在口腔颌面外科学和矫形外科学的重建领域受到了持续关注。为了扩大受伤器官再生的治疗可能性，近年来，生物材料的开发与基因治疗和骨生物工程的应用受到了广泛关注。细胞和分子生物学技术的进步为新的导向治疗提供了可能。组织工程结合了物理学家、化学家、生物学家、工程师、生物技术专家、牙医和医生的多学科活动，共同目标是寻找能够促进和引导细胞活动的材料。支架、促进因子、细胞的良好结合，以及基因治疗的进步，可能在不久的将来为骨愈合开辟新的途径。在这篇综述中，我们的目标是撰写一篇报告，全面介绍组织生物工程的概念，特别关注生物材料开发的决定性生物学参数，并讨论已知的细胞内信号转导作为该领域内有待探索的新方法，旨在预测体外宿主细胞/材料的质量，从而为再生医学的发展做出贡献。
