Heinen-Kammerer Tatjana, Wiosna Waldemar, Nelles Sandra, Rychlik Reinhard
Institut für Empirische Gesundheitsökonomie, Burscheid, Deutschland.
GMS Health Technol Assess. 2006 Mar 28;2:Doc05.
HEALTH-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND: The conditions for area-wide utilisation of telemedicine on national and European levels have to be developed. Before the nation-wide implementation in Germany can take place, the effectiveness of the structures and services of telemedicine has to be verified under everyday conditions. The utilisation of telemedicine has been assessed in recent HTA-reports that cover the existing scientific knowledge. This article also reports on the future role telemedicine could play in the telemetric monitoring of heart function.
With telemonitoring it is possible to keep body function data under continuous surveillance. This is especially useful for high-risk patients. Telemetry is the term used for the transfer of measured values from the sensor to the surveillance control point. Telemetric monitoring is well-suited for measuring cardiac function parameters without investing a lot of time and effort.
Telemedicine is well accepted by the patients. It has been indicated that the implementation of telemedicine reduces both the number of hospitalisations and the duration of hospitalisation. Treatment costs are accordingly reduced. With an early diagnosis, the therapy can be optimised precociously. Considering acute medical care, a diagnosis prior to hospitalisation can lead to a reduction in the time interval between admittance and the start of therapy. Considering preventive medical care, the continuous surveillance enables a timely diagnosis. The quality of life of the patient is hereby significantly enhanced.
Telemetric monitoring can be applied in many areas of health care and be of positive assistance, within the single therapeutic strategies, to patients with acute and chronic cardiac illnesses. The integration of information- and communication systems available for the health sector can significantly support patient orientated medical care. This has been indicated in numerous studies/trials. Telemedicine supports the renunciation of a centralised medical care system, where the patient has to seek for consultancy, towards a patient orientated system, where expert advice (by means of care-taking networks) is transferred to the patient.
健康经济学背景：必须制定在国家和欧洲层面全面应用远程医疗的条件。在德国全国范围内实施之前，必须在日常条件下验证远程医疗结构和服务的有效性。近期的卫生技术评估报告已对远程医疗的应用进行了评估，涵盖了现有的科学知识。本文还报告了远程医疗在心脏功能遥测监测中未来可能发挥的作用。
通过远程监测可以持续监控身体功能数据。这对高危患者尤其有用。遥测是指将测量值从传感器传输到监测控制点的术语。遥测监测非常适合在不花费大量时间和精力的情况下测量心脏功能参数。
远程医疗深受患者欢迎。研究表明，实施远程医疗可减少住院次数和住院时间，相应地降低了治疗成本。通过早期诊断，可以尽早优化治疗方案。考虑到急性医疗护理，住院前的诊断可缩短入院与开始治疗之间的时间间隔。考虑到预防性医疗护理，持续监测可实现及时诊断，从而显著提高患者的生活质量。
遥测监测可应用于医疗保健的许多领域，并在单一治疗策略中为急慢性心脏病患者提供积极帮助。卫生部门可用的信息和通信系统的整合可以显著支持以患者为导向的医疗护理。众多研究/试验已表明了这一点。远程医疗支持摒弃患者必须寻求咨询的集中式医疗系统，转向以患者为导向的系统，即通过护理网络将专家建议传递给患者。
