Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital-East, 41685 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Vaccine. 2011 Mar 16;29(13):2444-50. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.021. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
After 16 years of no vaccination against pertussis in Sweden, mass vaccination of infants and catch-up vaccination of children up to 10 years with a monocomponent pertussis toxoid vaccine was performed in the Greater Gothenburg area of Sweden between 1995 and 1999. At the end of the project in February 1999, 56% of all 10 year old children born in the Greater Gothenburg area had received 3 doses of the pertussis toxoid. No booster doses were given. This led to a temporary almost complete elimination of the disease. The aim of the present study was to follow the incidence of pertussis after end of the mass vaccination project (1999-2009) as it is reflected by laboratory verified cases (cultures and/or PCR) and pertussis hospitalizations. A reemergence of pertussis was seen from the end of 1999 with a peak in 2004 followed by a decrease when booster doses to both 6 and 10 year old children were introduced in 2005-2006. From July 1, 1999 through December 31, 2009 a total of 1973 cases were diagnosed with culture or PCR. The disease was prevalent in all age groups. The highest documented incidence was seen in infants younger than 12 months. 450 patients with verified pertussis had received 3 doses of the pertussis toxoid vaccine in the mass vaccination project and some other trials (comprising a total of 69,423 children). The mean time from the last dose to the laboratory verification of pertussis was 5 years in these 450 cases. There were 128 hospitalizations, 106 of which were in infants. In conclusion, pertussis is still not eliminated from the area. Booster doses are needed but the numbers and optimal timing are not known.
在瑞典长达 16 年未进行百日咳疫苗接种之后，1995 年至 1999 年期间，瑞典哥德堡地区对婴儿进行大规模百日咳疫苗接种，并为 10 岁以下儿童补种疫苗，使用的是百日咳类毒素单组份疫苗。1999 年 2 月项目结束时，哥德堡地区所有 10 岁儿童中有 56%已接种 3 剂百日咳类毒素。未接种加强针。这导致该疾病暂时几乎完全消除。本研究旨在观察大规模疫苗接种项目结束后（1999-2009 年）百日咳的发病率，发病率通过实验室确认病例（培养和/或 PCR）和百日咳住院情况反映。1999 年末出现百日咳病例回升，2004 年达到高峰，随后于 2005-2006 年为 6 岁和 10 岁儿童接种加强针后，发病率下降。1999 年 7 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 31 日，共确诊 1973 例培养或 PCR 阳性病例。该病在所有年龄组均有流行。记录到的发病率最高的是 12 个月以下的婴儿。450 例经实验室确诊的百日咳患者曾参加大规模疫苗接种项目和其他一些试验（共涉及 69423 名儿童），接受过 3 剂百日咳类毒素疫苗接种。这些 450 例患者从最后一剂疫苗到实验室确诊百日咳的平均时间为 5 年。有 128 例住院，其中 106 例为婴儿。结论是，该地区仍未消除百日咳。需要接种加强针，但具体接种人数和最佳时间尚不清楚。
