Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 800 Sumter St, HESC Room 116E, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Health Place. 2011 Mar;17(2):625-32. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.019. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
Although stress is often hypothesized to contribute to the effects of neighborhoods on health, very few studies have investigated associations of neighborhood characteristics with stress biomarkers. This study helps address the gap in the literature by examining whether neighborhood characteristics are associated with cortisol profiles. Analyses were based on data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Stress study, which collected multiple measures of salivary cortisol over three days on a population based sample of approximately 800 adults. Multilevel models with splines were used to examine associations of cortisol levels with neighborhood poverty, violence, disorder, and social cohesion. Neighborhood violence was significantly associated with lower cortisol values at wakeup and with a slower decline in cortisol over the earlier part of the day, after sociodemographic controls. Associations were weaker and less consistent for neighborhood poverty, social cohesion, and disorder. Results revealed suggestive, though limited, evidence linking neighborhood contexts to cortisol circadian rhythms.
虽然压力通常被假设为对邻里环境对健康的影响起作用，但很少有研究调查邻里特征与压力生物标志物之间的关联。本研究通过检验邻里特征是否与皮质醇特征相关，有助于填补文献中的空白。分析基于动脉粥样硬化应激多民族研究（Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Stress）的数据，该研究在大约 800 名成年人的基础样本上，在三天内收集了多次唾液皮质醇测量值。使用样条的多层次模型检查皮质醇水平与邻里贫困、暴力、混乱和社会凝聚力之间的关联。在控制社会人口因素后，邻里暴力与醒来时皮质醇值较低以及白天早些时候皮质醇下降速度较慢显著相关。邻里贫困、社会凝聚力和混乱的关联较弱且不太一致。结果显示，邻里环境与皮质醇昼夜节律之间存在关联，但证据有限。
