Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Apr;110(4):956-63. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00846.2009. Epub 2011 Feb 3.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of calorie restriction (CR) on free-living physical activity levels among humans. Data were from three CALERIE phase I site-specific protocols. Participants were nonobese (body mass index = 23.5-29.9 kg/m² adults randomly assigned to 25% CR, low-calorie diet (LCD, 890 kcal/day supplement diet until 15% weight loss, then weight maintenance), or control at Pennington Biomedical Research Center (PBRC); 30% or 10% CR at Tufts University; and 20% CR or control at Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM). Activity was measured at months 0, 3, and 6 (PBRC) and at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 (WUSM and Tufts). Total daily energy expenditure (TEE) by doubly labeled water and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were used to compute activity energy expenditure: AEE = TEE - RMR - 0.1 * TEE. Accelerometry and 7-day recall categorized activities by intensity. At Tufts, the 10% and 30% CR groups experienced significant decreases in AEE at months 6, 9, and 12. At month 6, a larger decrease in AEE was observed in the CR than the control group at WUSM. At months 3 and 6, larger decreases in AEE were observed in the CR and LCD groups than the control group at PBRC. Accelerometry and 7-day PAR did not consistently detect changes in activity categories. CR-associated changes in AEE were variable but, generally, reduced the energy deficit, which would reduce the expected rate of weight loss. Accelerometry and recall did not consistently explain reduced AEE, suggesting that increased muscle efficiency and/or decreased fidgeting accounted for decreased AEE. Inaccuracy of accelerometry and recall also likely negatively affected sensitivity.
本研究旨在评估热量限制（CR）对人类自由活动水平的影响。数据来自三个 CALERIE 特定地点的方案。参与者为非肥胖者（体重指数=23.5-29.9 kg/m²，随机分配到 25%CR、低热量饮食（LCD，每天 890 卡路里补充饮食，直到体重减轻 15%，然后维持体重）或对照，在彭宁顿生物医学研究中心（PBRC）；30%或 10%CR 在塔夫茨大学；20%CR 或对照在华盛顿大学医学院（WUSM）。活动在 PBRC 的 0、3 和 6 个月以及 WUSM 和 Tufts 的 0、3、6、9 和 12 个月进行测量。双标记水和静息代谢率（RMR）测量总每日能量消耗（TEE），以计算活动能量消耗：AEE=TEE-RMR-0.1*TEE。加速度计和 7 天回顾将活动按强度分类。在塔夫茨大学，10%和 30%CR 组在 6、9 和 12 个月时 AEE 显著下降。在 6 个月时，与对照组相比，CR 组的 AEE 下降幅度更大。在 3 和 6 个月时，与对照组相比，CR 和 LCD 组的 AEE 下降幅度更大。PBRC 加速度计和 7 天 PAR 并未一致检测到活动类别的变化。CR 相关的 AEE 变化是可变的，但通常会减少能量不足，从而降低预期的减重速度。加速度计和回忆并未一致解释 AEE 的减少，这表明肌肉效率的提高和/或小动作的减少解释了 AEE 的减少。加速度计和回忆的不准确性也可能对敏感性产生负面影响。
