Das Sai Krupa, Gilhooly Cheryl H, Golden Julie K, Pittas Anastassios G, Fuss Paul J, Cheatham Rachel A, Tyler Stephanie, Tsay Michelle, McCrory Megan A, Lichtenstein Alice H, Dallal Gerard E, Dutta Chhanda, Bhapkar Manjushri V, Delany James P, Saltzman Edward, Roberts Susan B
Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr;85(4):1023-30. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.4.1023.
There remains no consensus about the optimal dietary composition for sustained weight loss.
The objective was to examine the effects of 2 dietary macronutrient patterns with different glycemic loads on adherence to a prescribed regimen of calorie restriction (CR), weight and fat loss, and related variables.
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of diets with a high glycemic load (HG) or a low glycemic load (LG) at 30% CR was conducted in 34 healthy overweight adults with a mean (+/-SD) age of 35 +/- 6 y and body mass index (kg/m(2)) of 27.6 +/- 1.4. All food was provided for 6 mo in diets controlled for confounding variables, and subjects self-administered the plans for 6 additional months. Primary and secondary outcomes included energy intake measured by doubly labeled water, body weight and fatness, hunger, satiety, and resting metabolic rate.
All groups consumed significantly less energy during CR than at baseline (P < 0.01), but changes in energy intake, body weight, body fat, and resting metabolic rate did not differ significantly between groups. Both groups ate more energy than provided (eg, 21% and 28% CR at 3 mo and 16% and 17% CR at 6 mo with HG and LG, respectively). Percentage weight change at 12 mo was -8.04 +/- 4.1% in the HG group and -7.81 +/- 5.0% in the LG group. There was no effect of dietary composition on changes in hunger, satiety, or satisfaction with the amount and type of provided food during CR.
These findings provide more detailed evidence to suggest that diets differing substantially in glycemic load induce comparable long-term weight loss.
对于持续减重的最佳饮食构成，目前尚无共识。
研究两种不同血糖负荷的膳食宏量营养素模式对遵循规定热量限制（CR）方案、体重和脂肪减少以及相关变量的影响。
对34名健康超重成年人进行了一项随机对照试验（RCT），这些成年人平均（±标准差）年龄为35±6岁，体重指数（kg/m²）为27.6±1.4，采用高血糖负荷（HG）或低血糖负荷（LG）饮食，热量限制为30%。在控制混杂变量的饮食中提供所有食物6个月，受试者自行执行方案另外6个月。主要和次要结局包括用双标水测量的能量摄入、体重和肥胖程度、饥饿感、饱腹感以及静息代谢率。
所有组在热量限制期间的能量消耗均显著低于基线（P<0.01），但两组之间的能量摄入、体重、体脂和静息代谢率变化无显著差异。两组摄入的能量均超过提供的量（例如，HG组和LG组在3个月时分别超出规定热量21%和28%，在6个月时分别超出16%和17%）。HG组在12个月时体重变化百分比为-8.04±4.1%，LG组为-7.81±5.0%。在热量限制期间，饮食构成对饥饿感、饱腹感或对提供食物的量和类型的满意度变化没有影响。
这些发现提供了更详细的证据，表明血糖负荷差异很大的饮食会导致相当的长期体重减轻。
