Costa Kleynianne Medeiros de Mendonça, de Almeida Walquíria Aparecida Ferreira, Magalhães Izanelda Batista, Montoya Roberto, Moura Marco Sabóia, de Lacerda Marcus Vinícius Guimarães
Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010 Nov;28(5):353-60. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892010001100005.
To describe the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and its main determinants in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul, State of Acre, Brazil, between 1998 and 2008.
This descriptive, retrospective study was carried out with secondary data available from the malaria information systems developed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (SISMAL/SIVEP-Malária). The data were analyzed using the TABLEAU® software. Geospatial data were obtained to assess the distribution of malaria cases.
The annual parasite incidence (API) of 27 cases/1,000 population in 1998 reached 571.5 cases/1,000 population in 2006, the year in which the city recorded its largest epidemics, following the establishment of a state program that encouraged the digging of tanks for fish farming in 2005. Rural sites had the highest number of cases. However, peri-urban locations with fish tanks had higher APIs than peri-urban areas without tanks. Following the strengthening of control actions by the National Malaria Control Program, the API in Cruzeiro do Sul dropped to 152.9 cases/1,000 population in 2008.
The type of economic activity fostered in peri-urban areas characterized by unstable malaria transmission, which are typical of Latin America, must be very well planned. Malaria control in Cruzeiro do Sul relied on integrated strategies implemented simultaneously by federal, state, and city governments, as recommended by the National Malaria Control Program. It is important to underscore the usefulness of a reliable information system such as SIVEP-Malária to estimate the burden of disease and efficiently monitor the impact of interventions.
描述1998年至2008年期间巴西阿克里州南克鲁塞罗市疟疾的流行病学特征及其主要决定因素。
本描述性回顾性研究使用了巴西卫生部开发的疟疾信息系统（SISMAL/SIVEP-疟疾）中的二手数据。数据使用TABLEAU®软件进行分析。获取地理空间数据以评估疟疾病例的分布。
1998年的年寄生虫发病率（API）为每千人口27例，在2006年达到每千人口571.5例，这一年该市记录了最大规模的疫情，此前在2005年实施了一项鼓励挖掘养鱼池塘的州计划。农村地区的病例数最多。然而，有养鱼池塘的城郊地区的API高于没有池塘的城郊地区。随着国家疟疾控制计划加强控制行动，南克鲁塞罗市的API在2008年降至每千人口152.9例。
在以疟疾传播不稳定为特征的城郊地区开展的经济活动类型（这是拉丁美洲的典型情况）必须进行精心规划。南克鲁塞罗市的疟疾控制依赖于联邦、州和市政府同时实施的综合战略，这是国家疟疾控制计划所推荐的。必须强调可靠的信息系统（如SIVEP-疟疾）对于估计疾病负担和有效监测干预措施影响的有用性。
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