Medical Service (1-111), Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 3601 South Sixth Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85723, USA,
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2010 May;12(3):211-6. doi: 10.1007/s11908-010-0094-3.
The number of cases of symptomatic coccidioidomycosis reported in the endemic regions of California and Arizona has increased over the past two decades. In California, the southern San Joaquin Valley has seen a dramatic increase, with rates of symptomatic illness of more than 150 per 100,000 of population in Kern County. In Arizona, almost 5,000 cases are now reported yearly. In contrast to California, the coccidioidal endemic region in Arizona is also the most populous region of the state, and Arizona now accounts for 60% of all cases reported in the United States. Reasons for these increases appear to be multifactorial. Possible etiologies include climate change, changes in local exposure, an increase in the number of individuals susceptible to infection living in the endemic region, and increased testing and reporting. None of these factors are mutually exclusive and none has been clearly established as the etiology for the increase.
在过去的二十年中，加利福尼亚州和亚利桑那州的地方性流行地区报告的有症状的球孢子菌病病例数量有所增加。在加利福尼亚州，圣华金河谷南部的发病率急剧上升，在克恩县，每 10 万人中有超过 150 人患有症状性疾病。在亚利桑那州，现在每年报告的病例几乎有 5000 例。与加利福尼亚州不同，亚利桑那州的球孢子菌病流行地区也是该州人口最多的地区，目前亚利桑那州占美国所有报告病例的 60%。这些增加的原因似乎是多方面的。可能的病因包括气候变化、当地暴露情况的变化、生活在流行地区的易感染个体数量的增加，以及检测和报告的增加。这些因素并非互斥，也没有任何一个因素被明确确定为增加的病因。
