Department of Neonatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Pediatrics. 2011 Mar;127(3):e622-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-3598. Epub 2011 Feb 14.
Late preterm infants (34-37 weeks' gestation) are often perceived at similar risks for morbidity and mortality as term infants.
To compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes of late preterm to term infants.
Our study sample of 6300 term and 1200 late preterm infants came from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort. We used general estimating equations to get weighted odds of having developmental delay, mental index scores (MDI) or psychomotor index scores (PDI) < 70, at 24 months of age.
Late preterm infants compared with term infants had lower MDI (85 vs 89) and PDI (88 vs 92), both P < .0001, respectively. A higher proportion of late preterm infants compared with term infants had an MDI <70 (21% vs 16%; P < .0001). An equal number had PDIs <70 (6.1% vs 6.5%). After controlling for statistically significant and clinically relevant descriptive characteristics, late preterm infants still had higher odds of mental (odds ratio: 1.52 [95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.82] P < .0001) or physical (odds ratio: 1.56 [95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.89] P < .0001) developmental delay.
Late preterm infants have poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes than term infants and have increased odds to have a mental and/or physical developmental delay.
晚期早产儿（34-37 周妊娠）通常被认为与足月儿在发病率和死亡率方面具有相似的风险。
比较晚期早产儿和足月儿的神经发育结局。
我们的研究样本包括 6300 名足月儿和 1200 名晚期早产儿，来自儿童纵向研究-出生队列。我们使用广义估计方程来获得 24 个月时发育迟缓、智力指数（MDI）或运动指数（PDI）<70 的加权优势比。
与足月儿相比，晚期早产儿的 MDI（85 对 89）和 PDI（88 对 92）均较低，均 P<.0001。与足月儿相比，晚期早产儿中 MDI<70 的比例更高（21%对 16%；P<.0001）。PDI<70 的比例相等（6.1%对 6.5%）。在控制了具有统计学意义和临床相关的描述性特征后，晚期早产儿的精神发育（优势比：1.52[95%置信区间：1.26-1.82]P<.0001）或身体发育（优势比：1.56[95%置信区间：1.30-1.89]P<.0001）延迟的可能性仍然更高。
晚期早产儿的神经发育结局比足月儿差，并且更有可能出现精神和/或身体发育迟缓。
