Gifford Heather, Parata Kiri, Thomson George
Department of Public Health, Te Tari Hauora Tumatanui, University of Otago, Wellington South, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2010 Nov 26;123(1326):68-76.
To determine obstacles/opportunities within policy processes, for smokefree interventions appropriate to Maori. In particular, to explore Maori policymakers' ideas on how to achieve progress on smokefree homes, cars and community property.
Documents and interviews with 16 senior Maori officials and Members of Parliament, and nine interviews in two case studies, were used to explore Maori policymakers' ideas for (i) Progress, within relevant policy processes, on smoking in homes, cars and community property; (ii) Particular interventions that the interviewees felt were most and least effective, practical, sustainable, politically feasible or desirable in some way; (iii) The context, and obstacles and opportunities for such interventions. The case studies were of a Maori health service and a group of Maori District Health Board managers.
Several key themes emerged from the research including, (i) children as drivers for change, (ii) strong national and local indigenous leadership needed for change, (iii) delivering smokefree messages as part of wider healthy living approaches, (iv) targeting of the messages for greatest impact for Maori, (v) need for a Maori approach, not a general approach, (vi) central and local government having a significant role in the prevention of tobacco harm, (vii) ideas on how tobacco tax revenue should be spent on tobacco control, and (viii) the rights of children to smokefree environments.
Results indicate that indigenous specific approaches and indigenous leadership are critical for Maori tobacco-free advances. Harnessing indigenous values and principles related to health, family and children was the preferred method of these Maori policymakers for delivering social marketing messages.
确定毛利人适用的无烟干预政策进程中的障碍/机遇。特别是，探讨毛利族政策制定者对于如何在无烟家庭、汽车和社区场所方面取得进展的想法。
通过文件以及对16名毛利族高级官员和议会议员的访谈，以及在两个案例研究中的9次访谈，来探讨毛利族政策制定者对于以下方面的想法：（i）在相关政策进程中，在家庭、汽车和社区场所吸烟方面取得的进展；（ii）受访者认为在某些方面最有效、最无效、最实际、最可持续、最具政治可行性或最可取的具体干预措施；（iii）此类干预措施的背景、障碍和机遇。案例研究对象是一家毛利族健康服务机构和一群毛利族地区卫生委员会管理人员。
研究中出现了几个关键主题，包括：（i）儿童是变革的推动者；（ii）变革需要强大的国家和地方本土领导力；（iii）将无烟信息作为更广泛的健康生活方式的一部分来传递；（iv）针对毛利人进行信息定位以产生最大影响；（v）需要采用毛利族方法，而非通用方法；（vi）中央和地方政府在预防烟草危害方面发挥重要作用；（vii）关于烟草税收应如何用于烟草控制的想法；（viii）儿童享有无烟环境的权利。
结果表明，针对本土的特定方法和本土领导力对于毛利族在无烟方面取得进展至关重要。利用与健康、家庭和儿童相关的本土价值观和原则是这些毛利族政策制定者传递社会营销信息的首选方法。
