Goswami Chandan
National Institute of Science Education and Research; Institute of Physics Campus; Sachivalaya Marg; Bhubaneswar, Orissa India.
Commun Integr Biol. 2010 Nov;3(6):614-8. doi: 10.4161/cib.3.6.13397. Epub 2010 Nov 1.
Specialized neuronal structures namely growth cones, filopodia and spines are important entities by which neurons communicate with each other, integrate multiple signaling events, consolidate interacting structures and exchange synaptic information. Recent studies confirmed that Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid sub type 1 (TRPV1), alternatively known as capsaicin receptor, forms a signaling complex at the plasma membrane and integrate multiple exogenous and endogenous signaling cues there. This receptor localizes in the neuronal growth cones and also in filopodial tips. In addition, TRPV1 is endogenously present in synaptic structures and located both in pre- and post-synaptic spines of cortical neurons. Being nonselective Ca(2+)-channel, TRPV1 regulates the morphology and the functions of these structures by various mechanisms. Our studies indicated that physical interaction with signaling and structural molecules, modulation of different cytoskeleton, synaptic scaffolding structures and vesicle recycling by Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent events are the key mechanisms by which TRPV1 regulates growth cone, filopodia and spines in a coordinated manner. TRPV1 not only regulates the morphology, but also regulates the functions of these entities. Thus TRPV1 is important not only for the detection of noxious stimuli and transmission of pain signaling, but also are for the neuronal communications and network formation.
特定的神经元结构，即生长锥、丝状伪足和棘突，是神经元相互交流、整合多种信号事件、巩固相互作用结构以及交换突触信息的重要实体。最近的研究证实，瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（TRPV1），也被称为辣椒素受体，在质膜上形成信号复合物并在那里整合多种外源性和内源性信号线索。该受体定位于神经元生长锥以及丝状伪足尖端。此外，TRPV1内源性存在于突触结构中，位于皮质神经元的突触前和突触后棘突中。作为非选择性钙通道，TRPV1通过多种机制调节这些结构的形态和功能。我们的研究表明，与信号和结构分子的物理相互作用、通过钙依赖性和非依赖性事件对不同细胞骨架、突触支架结构和囊泡循环的调节，是TRPV1以协调方式调节生长锥、丝状伪足和棘突的关键机制。TRPV1不仅调节形态，还调节这些实体的功能。因此，TRPV1不仅对有害刺激的检测和疼痛信号的传递很重要，而且对神经元通信和网络形成也很重要。
