RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
J Urban Health. 2011 Jun;88(3):517-32. doi: 10.1007/s11524-010-9526-5.
Religious organizations may be uniquely positioned to address HIV by offering prevention, treatment, or support services to affected populations, but models of effective congregation-based HIV programs in the literature are scarce. This systematic review distils lessons on successfully implementing congregation HIV efforts. Peer-reviewed articles on congregation-based HIV efforts were reviewed against criteria measuring the extent of collaboration, tailoring to the local context, and use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods. The effectiveness of congregations' efforts and their capacity to overcome barriers to addressing HIV is also assessed. We found that most congregational efforts focused primarily on HIV prevention, were developed in partnerships with outside organizations and tailored to target audiences, and used CBPR methods. A few more comprehensive programs also provided care and support to people with HIV and/or addressed substance use and mental health needs. We also found that congregational barriers such as HIV stigma and lack of understanding HIV's importance were overcome using various strategies including tailoring programs to be respectful of church doctrine and campaigns to inform clergy and congregations. However, efforts to confront stigma directly were rare, suggesting a need for further research.
宗教组织可能在为受影响人群提供预防、治疗或支持服务方面具有独特的优势，可以解决艾滋病毒问题，但文献中基于宗教集会的有效艾滋病毒方案模式却很少。本系统评价总结了成功实施基于宗教集会的艾滋病毒工作的经验教训。根据衡量合作程度、适应当地情况和使用基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR）方法的标准，对基于宗教集会的艾滋病毒工作的同行评议文章进行了审查。还评估了宗教集会工作的有效性及其克服解决艾滋病毒问题障碍的能力。我们发现，大多数宗教集会的努力主要集中在预防艾滋病毒上，是与外部组织合作开发的，针对目标受众进行了调整，并使用了 CBPR 方法。少数更全面的方案还为艾滋病毒感染者提供了护理和支持，或解决了药物使用和精神健康需求。我们还发现，通过各种策略，如调整方案以尊重教会教义和开展宣传活动以告知牧师和会众，可以克服宗教集会中的障碍，如艾滋病毒污名和对艾滋病毒重要性的认识不足。然而，直接对抗污名的努力很少，这表明需要进一步研究。
