Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Haepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave., Room B505, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2011 Apr;15 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S66-71. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-9899-9.
The results of the CAPRISA 004 and iPrEx HIV prevention studies have demonstrated that topical or systemic use of antiretroviral agents can significantly reduce the risk of HIV acquisition associated with unprotected vaginal or anal sexual intercourse. However, the effect size in these studies was relatively modest and product adherence was generally poor. These observations suggest the need for new approaches to HIV prevention, especially for high risk MSM. Rates of lubricant use are high in MSM practicing receptive anal sex. Consequently, the development of an antiretroviral rectal microbicide gel may provide a safe and effective means of preventing HIV infection with an intervention that is likely to have high acceptability among the target population. The purpose of this article is to describe the challenges and progress in the development of rectal microbicides for HIV prevention.
卡普里莎 004 号和 iPrExHIV 预防研究的结果表明，局部或全身使用抗逆转录病毒药物可以显著降低与无保护的阴道或肛门性交相关的 HIV 感染风险。然而，这些研究中的效果大小相对较小，产品的依从性通常较差。这些观察结果表明，需要新的方法来预防 HIV，特别是对于高风险的男男性行为者。在进行接受性肛交的男男性行为者中，润滑剂的使用率很高。因此，开发一种抗逆转录病毒直肠杀菌剂可能为预防 HIV 感染提供一种安全有效的干预措施，而这种干预措施在目标人群中很可能具有较高的可接受性。本文的目的是描述开发直肠杀菌剂预防 HIV 的挑战和进展。
